Table 4.
Main properties of recent PU studies for wound dressing applications.
| Ref | Form | Main reagents | Catalyst | Properties + Agent used | Pore size (μm) or fiber diam (nm) | Young's modulus | Wound healing after 14 days | Biobased |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [127] | Foam | EOPO | none | Antibacterial | <100 μm | n.m |  |
No |
| PEG | Wound healing | |||||||
| Glycerol | ||||||||
| TDI | Silver-HA NPs | |||||||
| [126] | Foam | PPG | DBTL | Antibacterial | n.m | n.m | n.m | No |
| TDI | Endotoxin adsorption | |||||||
| Imidazolium diol | Cationic Foam | |||||||
| [132] | Foam | EOPO | none | Diabetic wound adapted | <200 μm | n.m |  |
No |
| PEG | ||||||||
| Glycerol | rhEGF | |||||||
| TDI | ||||||||
| [131] | Foam | None | Mechanical properties | 450–500 μm | 500–1300 kPa |  |
No | |
| HYPOL2002 | Wound healing | |||||||
| Glycerol | ||||||||
| TDI | Silica NPs | |||||||
| [128] | Foam | PEG diol Glycerol ethoxylate Pluronic F-127 HDI |
DBTL | Hemostatic | 500–1000 μm | 458–705 kPa | No | |
| KKAT XK-672 | Kaolin | n.m | ||||||
| [129] | Foam | Stannous octoate | Hemostatic Wound healing |
50–300 μm | n.m-675 kPa |  |
No | |
| PEG | ||||||||
| PACM | ||||||||
| HMDI | ||||||||
| [130] | Film | PCL PEG HDI AT HDA |
Stannous octoate | Non-adherent Electroactive SMP Antioxydant Quick drug release Biodegradable |
Elastomer | 9.1–12.9 MPa |  |
No |
| [196] | Foam | PEG Glycerin Na-alginate HDI Alginate hydrogel Jute fibers |
DBTL | Mechanical properties | 500–600 μm | 0.785–2.987 kPa | n.m | Yes |
| Drug release | ||||||||
| Super-absorptive | ||||||||
| [197,198] | Foam | PPG | Tin T9 |
Antibacterial Drug release Silver NPs Asiaticoside |
228–318 μm | 10.7–15.3 kPa |  |
Yes |
| Dabco DC5810 | ||||||||
| Dabco 33-LV | ||||||||
| TDI | ||||||||
| HPMC | ||||||||
| Chitosan | ||||||||
| Na-alginate | ||||||||
| [199] | Foam | PEG | DABCO | Antibacterial Lignin-encapsulated silver NPs |
n.m | 55–78 kPa | n.m | Yes |
| Glycerol | ||||||||
| DC 5179 | ||||||||
| MDI | ||||||||
| [200] | Foam | POLIOS 55/20 | DBTL | Antiseptic Antibacterial Cinnamaldehyde |
65–426 μm | 244–254 kPa | n.m | Yes |
| HMDI | ||||||||
| BDO | ||||||||
| [201] | Foam | POLIOS 55/20 HMDI BDO PLA |
DBTL | Antibacterial Fast-degradable Ciprofloxacin |
50–375 μm | n.m | n.m | Yes |
| [203] | Foam | Dimeric fatty acid polyol MDI BDO |
none | Antibacterial ZnO NPs |
10–60 μm | n.m | n.m | Yes |
| [204] | Fibers | PCL MDI Ethanediamine Chitosan Gelatin |
none | Antibacterial | 232–287 nm | n.m | n.m | Yes |
| Hemostatic | ||||||||
| SMPU | ||||||||
| Silver NPs | ||||||||
| [205] | Fibers | PCL MDI BIN |
none | Antibacterial | 245–727 nm | n.m | n.m | Yes |
| Hemostatic | ||||||||
| SMPU | ||||||||
| [206] | Fibers | PCN | DBTL | Mechanical strength | 2 μm | 100–400 kPa | n.m | Yes |
| HDI | Tunable degradation | |||||||
| BDO | Wound healing | |||||||
| Gelatin | ||||||||
| [207] | Fibers | CC-ME | TBD | Isocyanate-free Water uptake |
0.72–4.6 μm | 0.9–109 MPa | n.m | Yes |
| 1,12-Diaminododecane | ||||||||
| Jeffamine THF-100 | ||||||||
| PTMO | ||||||||
| [211] | Film | CO or CAPA 7201 HDI Diethylene glycol |
none | New structures | none | n.m | n.m | Yes |
| [212] | Film | CO or ricinoleic methyl ester | DBTL | Electroactive Antibacterial Antioxydant |
None | n.m |  |
Yes |
| IPDI | ||||||||
| APTMS | ||||||||
| [214] | Film | CO | DBTL | Partially NIPU | none | n.m |  |
Yes |
| ESBO | Antibacterial | |||||||
| DMDEA | ||||||||
| IPDI | QAS | |||||||
| [215] | Film | CO | none | Antibacterial Oxygen plasma treatment |
none | n.m | n.m | Yes |
| Desmodur N75 | ||||||||
| HDI |
EOPO: Ethylene Oxyde/Propylene oxide copolymer; PACM: 4,4′-diaminodicyclohexylmathane; HPMC: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; BIN: N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-isonicotinamide; PCN: poly(1,6-hexyl 1,2-ethyl carbonate); CC-ME: 9,10-cyclic carbonate-methyl decanoate; ESBO: Epoxidized soybean oil; DMDEA: N,N-dimethylethylenediamine; APTMS: (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane; n.m: not mentioned; U: unmodified; B: best.