Table VI.

The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) for the identification of frailty.

Frailty Domain	Item	0 Point	1 Point	2 point
Cognition	Please imagine that this pre-dawn circle is a clock. I would like you to place the numbers in the correct positions then place the hands to indicate a time of “ten after eleven”	No errors	Minor spacing errors	Other errors
General health status	In the past year, how many times have you been admitted to a hospital?	0	1-2	≥2
	In general, how would you describe your health?	Excellent/Very good/Good	Fair	Poor
Functional independence	With how many of the following activities do you require help: meal preparation, shopping, transportation, telephone, housekeeping, laundry, managing money, taking medications?	0-1	2-4	5-8
Social support	When you need help, can you count on someone who is willing and able to meet your needs?	Always	Sometimes	Never
Medication use	Do you use five or more different prescription medications on a regular basis?	No	Yes
	At times, do you forget to take your prescription medications?	No	Yes
Nutrition	Have you recently lost weight such that your clothing has become looser?	No	Yes
Mood	Do you often feel sad or depressed?	No	Yes
Continence	Do you have a problem with losing control of urine when you don’t want to?	No	Yes
Functional performance	I would like you to sit in this chair with your back and arms resting. Then when I say “Go”, please stand up and walk at a safe and comfortable pace to the mark on the floor (approximately 3m away), return to the chair and sit down	0-10 seconds	11-20 s econds	>20 seconds, patient unwilling or requires assistance
Total	Final score is the sum of column totals			/17

Scoring the Reported Edmonton Frail Scale (…./17):

Not Frail 0-5; Apparently vulnerable 6-7; Mild Frailty 8-9; Moderate frailty 10-11; Severe frailty 12-17