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Initial biomarker measurements during periods of active disease. Post hoc comparisons between groups were done using Mann-Whitney U test. AAV, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody–associated vasculitis; FSGS, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; LN, lupus nephritis; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein–1; MN, membranous nephropathy; MPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor beta 1.
