Table 1.
A list of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) conferring direct antagonisms against plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN).
| PGPR | Target PPN | Molecules or Modes | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bacillus cereus |
Heterodera avenae,
Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica |
Sphingosine, Protease, Chitinase, Antibiotic production, Secondary metabolites | Oka et al., 2008 [9]; Gao et al., 2016 [10]; Ahmed, 2019 [11] |
| Bacillus coagulans | Meloidogyne incognita | Hydrolytic enzymes | Ambo et al., 2010 [12]; Serfoji et al., 2013 [13]; Xiang et al., 2018 [4] |
| Bacillus firmus | Ditylenchus dipasi, Heterodera spp., Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus spp., Radopholus similis | Sep 1 protease, Secondary metabolites | Giannakou et al., 2004 [14]; Mendoza et al., 2008 [15]; Terefe et al., 2009 [16]; Terefe et al., 2012 [17]; Xiong et al., 2015 [18]; Geng et al., 2016 [19]; Bayer Crop Science [20] |
| Bacillus licheniformis | Bursaphelenchulus xylophi lus, Meloidogyne incognita | Protease, Chitinase | Siddiqui and Husain 1991 [21]; Siddiqui and Mahmood 1992 [22]; Jeong et al., 2015 [23]; El-Nagdi et al., 2019 [24] |
| Bacillus megaterium |
Heterodera glycines,Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne graminicola |
Protease, Secondary metabolites | Kloepper et al., 1992 [25]; Padgham et al., 2007 [26]; Mostafa et al., 2018 [27] |
| Bacillus pumilus L1 |
Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne arenaria |
Protease, Chitinase | Lee and Kim 2015 [28]; Forghani and Hajihassani et al., 2020 [29] |
| Bacillus subtilis |
Helicotylenchus multicinctus,
Meloidogyne graminicola, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Rotylenchulus reniformis |
Lipopeptide antibiotics, Hydrolytic enzymes, Secondary metabolites | Prakob et al., 2009 [30]; Kavitha et al., 2012 [31]; Basyony and Abo-Zaid, 2018 [32]; Mazzuchelli et al., 2020 [33]; Gautam et al., 1995 [34] |
| Bacillus thuringiensis | Heterodera glycines, Meloidogyne incognita | Bt crystal protein (toxin protein), Thuringiensin (β-exotoxin) | Noel, 1990 [35]; Wei et al., 2003 [36]; Mohammed et al., 2008 [37] |
| Corynebacterium paurometabolum | Meloidogyne incognita | Hydrogen sulfide, Chitinase | Mena and Pimentel, 2002 [38] |
| Pasteuria penetrans 1 | Meloidogyne spp. | Predation | Mankau et al., 1976 [39]; Mankau and Prasad, 1977 [40]; Dube and Smart, [41]; Sayre and Starr 1975 [42]; Bhuiyan et al., 2018 [43] |
| Pasteuria thornei 1 | Pratylenchus spp. | Predation | Mankau et al., 1976 [41]; Atibalentja et al., 2000 [44] |
| Pasteuria nishizawae 1 |
Globodera spp., Heterodera spp. |
Predation | Sayre and Wergin, 1991 [45] |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Caenorhabditis elegans, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica | Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) | Siddiqui and Ehteshamul-Haque, 2001 [46]; Gallagher and Manoil, 2001 [47]; Singh and Siddiqui, 2010 [48] |
| Pseudomonas. fluorescens F113 | Globodera rostochinensis | 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) | Cronin et al., 1997 [49] |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 | Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogynejavanica | HCN, DAPG, Pyoluteorin, Extracellular protease | Siddiqui and Shaukat, 2003 [50]; Hamid et al., 2003 [51]; Siddiqui et al., 2005 [52] |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens Wood1R | Meloidogyne incognita | DAPG | Timper et al., 2009 [53] |
| Pseudomonas stutzeri | Meloidogyne incognita | HCN | Khan et al., 2016 [54] |
| Serratia marcescens |
Meloidogyne incognita,
Meloidogyne javanica, Radopholus similis |
Volatile metabolites, Prodigiosin | Zabaketa-Mejia, 1985 [55]; Rahul et al., 2014 [56] |
1 nematode parasitic bacteria.