Table 3.
Bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model fit for different independent variables
| Variables | Status | CHR (95% CI) | AHR (95% CI) | |
| Event | Censored | |||
| Age (months) | ||||
| ≤12 | 28 | 60 | 1 | 1 |
| 13–24 | 10 | 19 | 0.98(0.47 to 2.12) | 1.40(0.65 to 3.04) |
| 25–60 | 26 | 40 | 1.30 (0.75 to 2.23) | 1.15(0.63 to 2.08) |
| 61–132 | 20 | 43 | 1.07(0.60 to 1.90) | 1.20 (0.65 to 2.21) |
| >132 | 18 | 49 | 0.92(0.50 to 1.67) | 1.61(0.84 to 3.08) |
| Address | ||||
| Urban | 28 | 43 | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 74 | 168 | 0.73 (0.47 to 1.13) | 0.63 (0.37 to 1.05) |
| Caregivers’ level of education | ||||
| No formal education | 96 | 195 | 1 | 1 |
| Primary and above | 6 | 16 | 0.78 (0.34 to 1.80) | 1.26 (0.51 to 3.13) |
| Caregivers’ occupation | ||||
| Farmers | 72 | 151 | 1 | 1 |
| Merchants and private | 9 | 23 | 0.82 (0.41 to 1.64) | 1.06 (0.47 to 2.35) |
| Government employee | 7 | 24 | 0.50 (0.22 to 1.16) | 0.35 (0.14 to 0.89)* |
| Unemployed | 14 | 13 | 1.61 (0.91 to 2.86) | 1.11 (0.55 to 2.24) |
| Day of admission | ||||
| Weekday | 71 | 170 | 1 | 1 |
| Weekend | 31 | 41 | 1.47 (0.96 to 2.26) | 1.63 (1.02 to 2.60)* |
| Source of admission | ||||
| Home | 9 | 27 | 1 | 1 |
| Other facilities | 14 | 23 | 1.66 (0.72 to 3.86) | 1.90 (0.76 to 4.76) |
| Emergency room | 55 | 134 | 1.13 (0.56 to 2.29) | 1.59 (0.72 to 3.48) |
| Wards and OR | 24 | 27 | 2.11 (0.98 to 4.56) | 2.07 (0.86 to 4.99) |
| Duration of illness before PICU admission | ||||
| <6 days | 39 | 107 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥6 days | 63 | 104 | 1.43 (0.96 to 2.12) | 0.97 (0.62 to 1.54) |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| No | 85 | 185 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 17 | 26 | 1.31(0.78 to 2.21) | 0.66 (0.36 to 1.23) |
| Critical illness diagnosis | ||||
| No | 53 | 160 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 49 | 51 | 2.05 (1.39 to 3.04) | 1.79 (1.13 to 2.85)* |
| Nutritional status, z-score | ||||
| Normal | 45 | 118 | 1 | 1 |
| Moderate acute malnutrition | 15 | 35 | 1.19 (0.66 to 2.14) | 1.49 (0.79 to 2.82) |
| Severe acute malnutrition | 42 | 58 | 1.67 (1.09 to 2.55) | 1.69 (0.94 to 2.61) |
| Modified Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 | −3.22±1.81 | 1.51 (1.37 to 1.67) | 1.53 (1.36 to 1.72)* | |
| Mechanical ventilation need | ||||
| No | 79 | 197 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 23 | 14 | 1.93 (1.20 to 3.10) | 2.36 (1.39 to 4.01)* |
| Complications in the PICU | ||||
| No | 86 | 190 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 16 | 21 | 2.39 (1.20 to 4.73) | 1.62 (0.79 to 3.31) |
| Fluid resuscitation intervention before PICU admission | ||||
| No | 44 | 105 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 58 | 106 | 1.24 (0.83 to 1.84) | 0.92(0.59 to 1.44) |
*Shows statistical significance at a p value of 0.05.
AHR, adjusted HR; CHR, crude HR; PICU, paediatric intensive care unit.