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. 2020 Sep 18;12(9):2129. doi: 10.3390/polym12092129

Table 2.

Aggregated inventory per life cycle stage and related assumptions *. CF, carbon fibre; MWCNT, multi-walled carbon nanotube; MSW, municipal solid waste.

Materials Manufacture Use End-of-life
Sleekfast sailing boat Input
CF = 10.5 kg
Sicomin SR1500 (0.06 wt% MWCNTs) = 10 kg
PVC foam = 1.5 kg
Epoxy gelcoat = 4 kg
Electricity = 368 MJ/kg CF
Electricity = 1104 MJ/kg CNTs
Output/emissions to air/water
(see Table A2 in Appendix A)
Input
Auxiliaries = 2.72 kg
Scraps = 1.47 kg (6%)
Electricity = 230 MJ (curing)
Manufacture waste
  • -

    Scrap waste (6%) hazardous incineration

  • -

    Aux. waste (96%) hazardous incineration and 4% recycling of plastic

Input
Epoxy gelcoat = 30 kg (for maintenance, 2 kg biannually for 30 years’ lifetime)
Scenario 1: Landfill
Input
100% inert waste [75]
Electricity = 0.27 MJ/kg
Scenario 2: Hazardous waste incineration
Input
Electricity = 0.27 MJ/kg
Scenario 3: MSW incineration with energy recovery
Input
Electricity = 0.27 MJ/kg
Avoided products
Electricity = 3.1 kWh [76]
Heat for reuse = 32 MJ/kg [77]
Scenario 4: Recyclingvia pyrolysis
Input
Electricity = 0.27 MJ/kg
Electricity = 30 MJ/kg [61]
Avoided products
CF recovery 60% [78]
Heating oil = 30 MJ/kg [77]
Handbrake lever Input
CF = 0.12 kg
Epoxy resin = 0.02 kg
CNTs = 0.01 kg
Electricity = 368 MJ/kg CF
Electricity = 1.1 MJ/kg CNTs
Output/emissions to air/water
(see Table A1 in Appendix)
Input
Pack. mat. = 1.272 kg
Electricity = 18 MJ (curing)
Manufacture waste
  • -

    Scrap waste (2%) treated as MSW (incineration)

  • -

    Pack. waste (100%) is recycled

Assumptions:
  • -

    service lifetime of handbrake lever equals to motorcycle lifetime

  • -

    no maintenance

  • -

    no repairing

* More details are provided in Table A1 and Table A2 in Appendix A.