Table 1.

The chemical composition of A. absinthium essential oil.

Chemical Groups/Compounds	References
Monoterpenoids
(E)-6,7-epoxyocimene, (Z)-6,7-epoxyocimene, (Z)-carveol, carvacrol, geranyl pentanoate, geranial, p-menth-3-en-9-ol, neryl acetate	[18]
(E)-epoxyocimene	[19]
(Z)-epoxyocimene	[16,19]
1,8-cineole	[1,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]
geranyl 2-methylbutanoate, neryl 2-methylpropanoate, linalyl 3-methylbutanoate, geranyl 3-methylbutanoate, bornyl 3-methylbutanoate, linalyl butanoate, (Z)-β-epoxyocimene, fenchone, (E)-sabinene hydrate, isobornyl acetate, isobornyl propanoate, pulegone, α-fenchene	[23]
neryl 2-methylbutanoate	[21,23]
2-β-pinene, lyratyl acetate	[25]
linalyl 3-methylbutanoate	[18,23]
neryl 3-methylbutanoate	[21,23]
terpinene-4-ol, (E)-sabinene hydrate, (E)-sabinol	[22,23]
thujyl alcohol	[1,21]
allo-ocimene	[18,20]
Artemisia ketone, 3-methylbutanoate, (E)-thujone, phellandrene, isothujyl acetate, pinene, (E)-verbenol, (Z)-thujone	[21]
borneol, (Z)-nerolidol, (Z)-verbenol, (E)-β-ocimene, (Z)-sabinene hydrate, α-terpinyl acetate, p-cymen-8-ol, terpinolene, α-terpinene	[22]
chrysanthenol	[19,24]
(Z)-chrysanthenol	[15,26]
(Z)-expoxyocimene	[15,21,24,26]
phellandrene epoxide, thujol	[18,24]
eugenol	[18,22,23,27]
geraniol	[1,18,22,27]
iso-3-thujanol	[27]
geranyl isovalerate, lavandulyl acetate, allo-ocimene, β-linalool	[20]
camphene	[1,19,22,23]
camphor	[16,22,23,24,26,28]
carvone	[21,22]
lavandulol	[20,22,23,24]
limonene	[22,23,24,25]
linalool	[18,19,21,22,23,24,26]
myrcene	[16,21]
neral, geranyl acetate, neryl acetate, (Z)-β-ocimene	[18,22]
nerol	[16,18,21,22,27]
bornyl acetate	[15,22,23,24]
chrysanthenyl acetate	[15,16,21,24,26,27]
(Z)-chrysanthenyl acetate	[16,18]
linalyl acetate	[16,22,23,24]
sabinyl acetate	[15,18,20,22,24]
(E)-sabinyl acetate	[16,21,23,28]
thujyl acetate	[1]
p-cymene	[1,16,18,22,23]
linalyl propionate	[23,24]
sabinene	[18,20,21,22,23,24]
thymol	[24]
santolinatriene	[23,25]
(Z)-linalooloxide	[22,23,24]
(E)-linalool oxide	[22,24]
epoxyocymene	[21,24]
tricyclene	[29]
α-phellandrene	[16,18,20,23]
α-pinene	[1,16,18,19,22,23,24,25]
α-terpineol	[1,18,20,24,25]
α-thujene	[18,22,23]
α-thujone	[1,15,16,18,23,24,30]
β-phellandrene	[1,18,22]
β-myrcene	[18,19,20,23,28]
β-pinene	[16,21,22,23,28]
β-thujone	[1,15,18,20,23,24,27,28,30,31]
γ-terpinene	[18,20,22,23]
Sesquiterpenoids
(E)-nerolidol, ar-curcumene, diepi-α-cedrene, bisabolol oxide, α-copaene, β-gurjunene	[18]
(E,E)-farnesyl acetate, (E,E)-farnesal, (Z,E)-α-farnesene, (E,E)-farnesyl 3-methylbutanoate, 7-α-silphiperfol-5-ene, allo-aromadendrene, bicyclogermacrene, (Z)-α-bisabolene, cyperene, epi-β-santalene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, petasitene, pethybrene, presilphiperfol-7-ene, (E)-nerolidyl propanoate, silfinen-1-en, silphiperfol-6-ene, humulene oxide II, α-cedrene, α-gurjunene, α-isocomene, α-santalene, α-(E)-bergamotene, β-bisabolene, β-eudesmol, β-isocomene, β-santalene, γ-humulene	[23]
elemol, guaiazulene, cadinene, α-himachalene	[1]
germacrene D	[16,19,22,26]
caryophyllene	[1,24]
curcumene	[21]
nerolidol, (E)-β-farnezene	[25]
spathulenol	[18,27]
bisabololoxide B	[27]
caryophyllene oxide	[1,21,22,23,24,25,27]
(E)-caryophyllene	[26]
α-bisabolene, α-calacorene, γ-curcumene, γ-muurolene	[22]
α-bisabolol	[18,22,23,27]
α-humulene	[18,22,23]
α-copaen	[22,23]
β-bourbonene	[18,23]
β-elemene	[19,23]
β-caryophyllene	[18,19,20,23]
β-selinene	[18,22,23,24,26]
γ-gurjunene	[18,23]
γ-cadinene	[18,22]
δ-cadinene	[18,23,25]
Diterpenoids
1-(E)-8-isopropyl-1,5-dimethyl-nona-4,8-dienyl-4-methyl-2,3-dioxa-bicyclo(2, 2, 2)oct-5-ene, iso-1-(E)-8-isopropyl-1,5-dimethyl-nona-4,8-dienyl-4-methyl- 2,3-dioxa-bicyclo(2, 2, 2)oct-5-ene	[1,32]
vulgarol A, vulgarol B	[18]
Phenylpropanoids
methyleugenol	[27]
estragole	[27]