Table 1.
Some EPSs and some of their characteristics.
| EPS | Organism | Molecular Weight (Da) | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alginate | Azotobacter vinelandii [15] | (0.5–1.5) × 106 | β-d-mannuronic and α-l-guluronic acids |
| Dextran | Leuconostoc mesenteroides [16] | 3 × 103–3 × 106 | Branched poly-α-d-glucosides |
| Xanthan gum | Xanthomonas campestris [17] | (2–50) × 106 | pentasaccharide repeat units, comprising glucose, mannose, and glucuronic acid |
| Gellan | Sphingomonas paucimobilis [18] | 5 × 103–2 × 106 | a backbone of repeating unit of β- d-glucose (d-Glc), l-rhamnose (l-Rha), and d-glucuronic acid (d-GlcA) and two acyl groups |
| Curdlan | Alcaligenes faecalis [19] | 5 × 104–2 × 106 | Linear β-(1,3)-linked glucose residues |
| Levan | Zymomonas mobilis [20] | 2 × 104–2 × 107 | d-fructo-furanosyl residues joined together by β-(2,6) and β- (2,1) linkages |
| Hyaluronic acid | Streptococcus equi [21] | (1-2) × 106 | d-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl- d-glucosamine, linked via alternating β-(1→4) and β-(1→3) linkages |
| Pullulan | Aurebasidium pullulans [22] | 5 × 103–9 × 106 | Maltotriases |
| Carrageenans | Kappaphycus alvarezii [23] | (0.1–1) × 106 | d-galactoses (β (1-4)) and sulphate groups |