Table 2.

Colorectal Cancer.

Reference	Type of study	Site	n	Treatment	Tumor response	Survival	HT-associated adverse events
Ott et al21		Squamous rectal cancer	112	CRT vs CRT + HT		5-year follow-up, overall (95.8% vs 74.5%, P = .045), disease-free (89.1% vs 70.4%, P = .027), local recurrence-free (97.7% vs 78.7%, P = .006), and colostomy-free survival rates (87.7% vs 69.0%, P = .016)	Comparable toxicity: skin reaction, diarrhea, stomatitis, and nausea/emesis were not increased with the additional use of HT.
Zwirner et al15	Nonrandomized prospective study	Locally advanced rectal cancer	86	Preoperative CRT + HT		5-year OS = 87.3%, DFS = 79.9%, and LRFS = 95.8%, respectively	ND
Gani et al14	Nonrandomized retrospective study	Adenocarcinoma of the middle or lower rectum	103	Neoadjuvant 43 CRT 60 CRT + HT		5-year CRT: OS = 76%, DFS = 73%, and LRFS = 77%, 5-year CRT − HT: OS = 88% (P < .08), DFS = 78%, and LRFS = 75%, respectively	ND
Shoji et al16	Nonrandomized prospective study	Rectal cancer	49	Preoperative CRT + HT	CR + pCR = 29%		One case of G3 perianal dermatitis
Kato et al18	Nonrandomized prospective study	Locally advanced rectal cancer	48	Preoperative CRT − HT	pCR = 69%		No hematological toxicity
Schroeder et al19	Nonrandomized prospective study	Locally advanced rectal cancer	106	Neoadjuvant 45 CRT vs 61 CRT + HT	pCR rate: CRT + HT = 22.5% (P = .043)		ND
Maluta et al17	Nonrandomized prospective study	Locally advanced adenocarcinoma of middle and lower rectum	76	Preoperative CRT − HT	CR = 23.6% Disease control = 94.8%	5-year OS = 86.5%, DFS = 74.5%, and LRFS = 73.2%, respectively	G0-G2 general or local discomfort in 15%, no G3, G4 subcutaneous burns in 5.2%

Abbreviations: HT, hyperthermia; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival; LRFS, local relapse-free survival; ND, not specified; CR, complete response; G, grade; pCR, pathologic complete response.