Figure 3.

(A) Schematic illustration of sensor fabrication; (a) exfoliation of Ti₃AlC₂ via etching with HF; (b) delamination with TBAOH; (c) modifying the glassy carbon electrode with MXene; (d) loading of glucose oxidase (GOx), and; (e) cross-linking glutaraldehyde (GTA) with GOx; (f) glucose detection mechanism of the proposed biosensing system. (B) Chronoamperometry data (a) and calibration plot (b) for Ti₃C₂–HF/TBA-based electrochemical glucose biosensor conducted using FcMeOH (2 mM) in pH 7.2 PBS (electrolyte) and 0.15 V potential (reproduced with permission from reference [64]).