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. 2020 Sep 19;25(18):4296. doi: 10.3390/molecules25184296

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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PCP of Caco-2 cells grown with single OA and NIC. Data in the graph are means (n = 6) ± SEM represented by vertical bars. Means with different letters indicate statistical significance with p < 0.05 (a, b); means with at least one common letter are not significantly different (ab). PCP = paracellular permeability (excitation 485 nm, emission 520 nm). (a) Cells treated with citric acid; CTR = control group; 260 = treated group with 260 μM of citric acid; 455 = treated group with 455 μM of citric acid; 651 = treated group with 651 μM of citric acid. (b) Cells treated with sorbic acid; CTR = control group; 298 = treated group with 298 μM of sorbic acid; 521 = treated group with 521 μM of sorbic acid; 745 = treated group with 745 μM of sorbic acid. (c) Cells treated with thymol; CTR = control group; 23 = treated group with 23 μM of thymol; 40 = treated group with 40 μM of thymol; 58 = treated group with 58 μM of thymol. (d) Cells treated with vanillin; CTR = control group; 13 = treated group with 13 μM of vanillin; 23 = treated group with 23 μM of vanillin; 35 = treated group with 35 μM of vanillin.