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. 2020 Oct 5;14:564054. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.564054

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Direct stress disrupts CRF-mediated dopamine release in the NAc 1 week after repeated forced swim stress (rFSS) exposure in males and females. (A) In the direct stress experimental group, mice were exposed to rFSS and tested 7 days later. (B) Cumulative time spent immobile for the first 5 min of Swim 1 on rFSS Day 1 and Swims 1–4 on rFSS Day 2 in males (n = 6) and females (n = 10) belonging to the direct stress group. (C) Representative dopamine release evoked by electrical stimulation (dashed line) before and after application of 100 nM CRF to a NAc brain slice (mean ± SEM for five consecutive stimulations, left) and baseline-normalized mean peak amplitude of electrically evoked dopamine release over time in response to vehicle (n = 5) or 100 nM CRF (n = 5) application to NAc slices (right) from directly stressed males 1 week after stress exposure. (D) Representative dopamine release evoked by electrical stimulation before and after application of 100 nM CRF (left) or 1 μM CRF (middle) to a NAc slice (mean ± SEM for five consecutive stimulations) and baseline-normalized mean peak amplitude of electrically evoked dopamine release over time in response to vehicle (n = 5), 100 nM CRF (n = 5), or 1 μM CRF (n = 5) application to NAc slices (right) from directly stressed females 1 week after stress exposure. Error bars, SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001 vs. rFSS Swim 1 Day 1 immobility.