TABLE 2.
Aggregate Demographics/Outcomes for Minimally Injured t-Controls and Isolated Severe fTBI Patients
| t-Control (n = 5) | fTBI (n = 10) | SMD (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 26 (24–27) | 25 (20–36) | >0.1 (−1.1–1.1) |
| Male | 100% | 90% | N/A |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24 +/− 1 | 26 +/− 3 | 0.4 (−1.2–1.9) |
| Blunt mechanism | 60% | 40% | N/A |
| ISS | 1 (1–1) | 26 (26–30) | 17.5 (10.8–24.2) |
| Presentation Glasgow Coma Scale | 14 (13–15) | 3 (3–3) | −5.8 (−8.3–3.3) |
| Isolated Severe fTBI | 0% | 100% | N/A |
| Prehospital crystalloid volume (mL) | 100 (100–400) | 200 (50–400) | −0.3 (−1.6–1.1) |
| Presentation temperature (°) | 36.8 ± 0.4 | 35.1 ± 1.1 | −1.6 (−3.0–−0.1) |
| Presentation pH | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | −0.1 (−1.4–1.2) |
| Presentation international normalized ratio | 1.1 (1–1.1) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 0.8 (−0.3–1.9) |
| Presentation prothrombin time (sec) | 28 ± 6 | 39 ± 16 | 0.9 (−0.25–2.0) |
| Presentation platelet count (× 109/L) | 274 (202–347) | 257 (218–286) | −0.5 (−1.6–0.6) |
| Presentation blood alcohol level (mg/dL) | 241 (10–471) | 212 (0–293) | <−0.1 (−1.8–1.8) |
| Transfused in 24 h | 0% | 80% | N/A |
| Total hospital days | 1 (1–2) | 2 (2–2) | 0.88 (−0.25–2.0) |
| Total ICU days (to 28 days) | 0 (0–0) | 2 (2–2) | 2.9 (1.3–4.4) |
| Ventilator-free days (to 28 days) | 28 (28–28) | 0 (0–0) | N/A |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 0% | 40% | N/A |
| Multi-organ failure | 0% | 0% | N/A |
| Mortality at discharge | 0% | 100% | N/A |
| Hours to death | N/A | 26 (17–38) | N/A |
*
Patient demographics for the 15 patients. Data are mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or percentage. The SMD and 95% CI between t-control and fTBI patients were calculated for continuous variables. Data for skewed variables reported as median with inter-quartile ranges. Ventilator-free days are counted for the first 28 days of hospitalization. Patients who expired received 0 ventilator-free days.
SMD, standardized mean difference; 95% confidence intervals, 95% CI.