Central Illustration.
Overview of the Mechanisms of Myocardial Injury in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Myocardial injury in the setting of COVID-19 is frequent and associated with poor prognosis. The mechanisms through which COVID-19 can cause myocardial injury are heterogeneous and include oxygen supply–demand imbalance, microvascular and macrovascular thrombosis, inflammation-related injury, stress-induced cardiomyopathy, and direct viral invasion of the myocardium.
COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; IL = interleukin; MI = myocardial infarction; SARS-CoV-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.