Table 3. Demographic, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of the study patients, by outcome-composite outcome (noninvasive ventilation/intubation/death) and each of the outcomes separately.a .
| Characteristic | NIV/intubation/death | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 67) | Yes (n = 73) | p | ||
| Male, n (%) | 37 (55.2) | 49 (67.1) | 0.15 | |
| Age, years | 71 [54-80] | 71 [60-80] | 0.42 | |
| Chest X-ray score, n (%) | No lung involvement | 7 (10.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.005 |
| Lung involvement, 1-25% | 33 (49.3) | 25 (34.3) | 0.07 | |
| Lung involvement, 26-50% | 17 (24.4) | 14 (19.2) | 0.38 | |
| Lung involvement, 51-75% | 7 (10.5) | 19 (26.0) | 0.02 | |
| Lung involvement, 76-100% | 3 (4.5) | 15 (20.6) | 0.005 | |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 326.0 [279.0-387.5] | 207.5 [127.5-285.0] | < 0.0001 | |
| WBC/mL | 5,600 [4,000-7,220] | 6,980 [4,230-9,920] | 0.02 | |
| CRP, mg/L | 20.6 [4.4-71.8] | 59.1 [18.8-134.6] | 0.0006 | |
| Characteristic | NIV | |||
| No (n = 102) | Yes (n = 38) | p | ||
| Male, n (%) | 60 (58.8) | 26 (68.4) | 0.30 | |
| Age, years | 72.0 [60.0-81.0] | 66.5 [58.0-72.0] | 0.03 | |
| Chest X-ray score, n (%) | No lung involvement | 7 (6.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.19 |
| Lung involvement, 1-25% | 42 (41.2) | 16 (42.1) | 0.92 | |
| Lung involvement, 26-50% | 23 (22.6) | 8 (21.1) | 0.85 | |
| Lung involvement, 51-75% | 17 (16.7) | 9 (23.7) | 0.34 | |
| Lung involvement, 76-100% | 13 (12.8) | 5 (13.2) | 0.95 | |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 285.5 [185.5-354.5] | 254 [127.5-292.0] | 0.04 | |
| WBC/mL | 6,140 [4,445-8,930] | 4,935 [4.020-8,520] | 0.33 | |
| CRP, mg/L | 22.1 [9.0-82.9] | 90.8 [19.5-155.5] | 0.001 | |
| Characteristic | Intubation | |||
| No (n = 112) | Yes (n = 28) | p | ||
| Male, n (%) | 62 (55.4) | 24 (85.7) | 0.004 | |
| Age, years | 71.5 [57.0-81.0] | 67.5 [62.5-72.0] | 0.30 | |
| Chest X-ray score, n (%) | No lung involvement | 7 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.35 |
| Lung involvement, 1-25% | 48 (42.9) | 10 (35.7) | 0.49 | |
| Lung involvement, 26-50% | 28 (25.0) | 3 (10.7) | 0.13 | |
| Lung involvement, 51-75% | 18 (16.1) | 8 (28.6) | 0.13 | |
| Lung involvement, 76-100% | 11 (9.8) | 7 (25.0) | 0.03 | |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 287.5 [223.0-352.0] | 181.0 [138.0-240.0] | 0.005 | |
| WBC/mL | 5,765 [4,070-8,835] | 6,860 [4,450-9,140] | 0.34 | |
| CRP, mg/L | 39.6 [11.8-102.7] | 20.8 [10.7-68.4] | 0.49 | |
| Characteristic | Death | |||
| No (n = 110) | Yes (n = 28) | p | ||
| Male, n (%) | 68 (61.8) | 16 (57.1) | 0.65 | |
| Age, years | 67.0 [56.0-76.0] | 81.5 [75.0-86.5] | < 0.0001 | |
| Chest X-ray score, n (%) | No lung involvement | 7 (6.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.34 |
| Lung involvement, 1-25% | 51 (46.4) | 6 (21.4) | 0.02 | |
| Lung involvement, 26-50% | 25 (22.7) | 6 (21.4) | 0.88 | |
| Lung involvement, 51-75% | 19 (17.3) | 6 (21.4) | 0.91 | |
| Lung involvement, 76-100% | 8 (7.3) | 10 (35.7) | < 0.0001 | |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 285 [222-348] | 167 [77-209] | 0.002 | |
| WBC/mL | 5,610 [4,010-8,000] | 9,330 [5,115-11,500] | 0.001 | |
| CRP, mg/L | 25.7 [10.5-92.1] | 71.1 [19.8-147.8] | 0.02 | |
WBC: white blood cell; CRP: C-reactive protein; and NIV: noninvasive ventilation. aValues expressed as median [interquartile range], except where otherwise indicated.