Fig. 1.

Schematic of the study protocol. We acquired data using an open-label and single-site study design in (n=15) healthy subjects. Subjects were induced to lose responsiveness with 2mg/kg of intravenous ketamine. We also administered a 2mg of intravenous midazolam to attenuate ketamine-induced dissociation. We assessed pain intensity and quality using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System questionnaires and dissociative symptoms using the Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale.