Table 2:

Association between tooth lead levels and alpha diversity metrics.

Time of Metal Measurement	Outcome	Time of Stool Measurement	Bacterial			Fungal
			N	β (SE)b	p-value	N	β (SE)b	p-value
2nd trimester	Richness	1-Month	104	5.53 (6.98)	0.43	48	0.29 (1.65)	0.86
		6-Months	96	−7.77 (7.31)	0.29	45	1.7 (1.51)	0.27
	Evenness	1-Month	104	0 (0.01)	0.97	37	0.03 (0.05)	0.56
		6-Months	96	−0.02 (0.01)	0.092	40	−0.02 (0.05)	0.73
	Faith’s Diversitya	1-Month	104	0.16 (0.39)	0.67
		6-Months	96	−0.19 (0.37)	0.61
	Shannon’s Diversity	1-Month	104	0.01 (0.08)	0.89	48	0.06 (0.15)	0.67
		6-Months	96	−0.11 (0.07)	0.11	45	0 (0.14)	0.99
3rd trimester	Richness	1-Month	107	2.52 (6.37)	0.69	49	0.69 (1.82)	0.71
		6-Months	101	−13.11 (8.36)	0.12	47	2.54 (1.56)	0.11
	Evenness	1-Month	107	−0.01 (0.01)	0.43	38	0.03 (0.05)	0.52
		6-Months	101	−0.02 (0.01)	0.19	42	0.03 (0.05)	0.58
	Faith’s Diversitya	1-Month	107	0.03 (0.35)	0.93
		6-Months	101	−0.52 (0.42)	0.22
	Shannon’s Diversity	1-Month	107	-0.05 (0.07)	0.50	49	0.09 (0.16)	0.57
		6-Months	101	−0.12 (0.08)	0.15	47	0.15 (0.15)	0.34
Postnatal	Richness	1-Month	109	2.18 (7.16)	0.76	50	−1.85 (2.54)	0.47
		6-Months	100	−2.55 (6.42)	0.69	46	−0.35 (1.05)	0.74
	Evenness	1-Month	109	−0.02 (0.01)	0.21	39	0.07 (0.1)	0.47
		6-Months	100	−0.01 (0.01)	0.40	41	0.06 (0.06)	0.36
	Faith’s Diversitya	1-Month	109	−0.08 (0.39)	0.84
		6-Months	100	0.11 (0.32)	0.74
	Shannon’s Diversity	1-Month	109	−0.1 (0.08)	0.22	50	−0.07 (0.23)	0.78
		6-Months	100	−0.05 (0.06)	0.46	46	−0.05 (0.1)	0.59

^aFaith’s phylogenetic diversity not able to be calculated for fungal data as no phylogenetic tree can be derived.

^blinear regression coefficient, which represents the change in alpha diversity metric, for a 1-SD increase in tooth lead level, after adjusting for tooth type, attrition, batch, exact age at stool sample collection, and child race.