Table 3.

Bonferroni-corrected significant associations between quintiles and prefrontal subregion frontal area/thickness.

Surface area PFC region	Hemisphere	Summary	Cohen’s d	Mean difference	SE	pBonferroni	95% CI
Caudal Middle Frontal	–	no difference		–	–	–	–
Lateral Orbitofrontal	Left	5 < 3 = 2 > 1; 5 < 2	[5 < 3] −0.031;	[5 < 3] −22.369;	[5 < 3] 7.457;	[5 < 3] .027;	[5 < 3] −43.307 to −1.432;
			[5 < 2] −0.031;	[5 < 2] −23.100;	[5 < 2] 7.668;	[5 < 2] .026;	[5 < 2] −44.629 to −1.571;
			[3 > 1] 0.031;	[3 > 1] 20.740;	[3 > 1] 7.045;	[3 > 1] .032;	[3 > 1] .960–40.519;
			[2 > 1] 0.032;	[2 > 1] 21.470;	[2 > 1] 6.960;	[2 > 1] .020;	[2 > 1] 1.928–41.012;
	Right	5 = 4 < 2 = 1	[5 < 2] −0.031;	[5 < 2] −23.773;	[5 < 2] 8.022;	[5 < 2] .031;	[5 < 2] −46.296 to −1.249;
			[4 < 2] −0.031;	[4 < 2] −22.064;	[4 < 2] 7.408;	[4 < 2] .029;	[4 < 2] −42.863 to −1.265;
Medial Orbitofrontal	–	no difference		–	–	–	–
Rostral Middle Frontal	Right	5 > 4 = 3 = 2 = 1	[5 > 4] 0.031;	[5 > 4] 55.909;	[5 > 4] 18.770;	[5 > 4] .029;	[5 > 4] 3.209–108.610;
			[5 > 3] 0.040;	[5 > 3] 74.410;	[5 > 3] 19.263;	[5 > 3] .001;	[5 > 3] 20.324–128.496;
			[5 > 2] 0.045;	[5 > 2] 85.697;	[5 > 2] 19.808;	[5 > 2] .000;	[5 > 2] 30.082–141.311;
			[5 > 1] 0.054;	[5 > 1] 107.621;	[5 > 1] 20.519;	[5 > 1] .000;	[5 > 1] 50.010–165.232;
Superior Frontal	Right	5 = 4 = 3 > 2; 5 > 1; 3 > 1	[5 > 1] 0.032;	[5 > 1] 57.487;	[5 > 1] 18.692;	[5 > 1] .021;	[5 > 1] 5.005–109.970;
			[3 > 2] 0.032;	[3 > 2] 50.650;	[3 > 2] 16.295;	[3 > 2] .019;	[3 > 2] 4.899–96.402;
			[3 > 1] 0.039;	[3 > 1] 62.569;	[3 > 1] 16.579;	[3 > 1] .002;	[3 > 1] 16.020–109.117;
Frontal Pole	Left	5 = 4 < 3 = 2 = 1; 5 < 2	[5 < 3] −0.037;	[5 < 3] −4.228;	[5 < 3] 1.175;	[5 < 3] .003;	[5 < 3] −7.527 to −.928;
			[5 < 2] −0.045;	[5 < 2] −5.239;	[5 < 2] 1.208;	[5 < 2] .000;	[5 < 2] −8.631 to −1.846;
	Right	5 < 3 = 2 = 1	[5 < 3] −0.036;	[5 < 3] −5.405;	[5 < 3] 1.547;	[5 < 3] .005;	[5 < 3] −9.749 to −1.061;
Thickness PFC region	Hemisphere	Summary		Mean difference	SE	pBonferroni	95% CI
Caudal Middle Frontal	–
Lateral Orbitofrontal	Left	5 < 3	[5 < 3] −0.036;	[5 < 3] −.014;	[5 < 3] .004;	[5 < 3] .009;	[5 < 3] −.026 to −.002;
Medial Orbitofrontal	Right	5 < 3 = 2; 4 < 2	[5 < 3] −0.035;	[5 < 3] −.020;	[5 < 3] .006;	[5 < 3] .003;	[5 < 3] −.036 to −.005;
			[5 < 2] −0.050;	[5 < 2] −.029;	[5 < 2] .006;	[5 < 2] .000;	[5 < 2] −.045 to −.012;
			[4 < 2] −0.039;	[4 < 2] −.019;	[4 < 2] .005;	[4 < 2] .004;	[4 < 2] −.034 to −.004;
Rostral Middle Frontal	Right	5 < 4 < 3 = 2 = 1; 4 < 2 = 1	[5 < 4] −0.039;	[5 < 4] −.019;	[5 < 4] .005;	[5 < 4] .004;	[5 < 4] −.034 to −.004;
			[5 < 3] −0.069;	[5 < 3] −.020;	[5 < 3] .003;	[5 < 3] .000;	[5 < 3] −.029 to −.010;
			[5 < 2] −0.090;	[5 < 2] −.026;	[5 < 2] .003;	[5 < 2] .000;	[5 < 2] −.036 to −.016;
			[5 < 1] −0.057;	[5 < 1] −.022;	[5 < 1] .004;	[5 < 1] .000;	[5 < 1] −.032 to −.011;
			[4 < 3] −0.031;	[4 < 3] −.009;	[4 < 3] .003;	[4 < 3] .037;	[4 < 3] −.018 - .000;
			[4 < 2] −0.052;	[4 < 2] −.015;	[4 < 2] .003;	[4 < 2] .000;	[4 < 2] −.024 to −.006;
			[4 < 1] −0.038;	[4 < 1] −.011;	[4 < 1] .003;	[4 < 1] .008;	[4 < 1] −.020 to −.002;
Superior Frontal	Right	5 < 2 = 1; 4 < 2 = 1	[5 < 2] −0.045;	[5 < 2] −.013;	[5 < 2] 0.003;	[5 < 2] .002;	[5 < 2] −.022 to −.003;
			[5 < 1] −0.029;	[5 < 1] −.011;	[5 < 1] 0.004;	[5 < 1] .016;	[5 < 1] −.021 to −.001;
			[4 < 2] −0.042;	[4 < 2] −.012;	[4 < 2] 0.003;	[4 < 2] .001;	[4 < 2] −.021 to −.003;
			[4 < 1] −0.035;	[4 < 1] −.010;	[4 < 1] 0.003;	[4 < 1] .013;	[4 < 1] −.020 to −.001;
Frontal Pole		no difference		–	–	–	–