Table 1.
Description of selected studies
| Study | Participants (N; Age) | Surgical approach (N) | Gait analysis | Statistically significant results | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vs. preoperative state | vs. CON | ||||
| Foucher et al. [25] |
THR: 26; 59 ± 9 CON: 25; 54 ± 6 |
AN: 13 A-P: 13 |
6 walking trials: -4 at self-selected normal speed -2 at self-selected fast (CON and pre) or low (CON and post) speed |
↑ 38% dynamic hip ROM at 12 months (p < 0.001) | ↓ dynamic hip ROM at 12 months (p ≤ 0.045) |
| Foucher et al. [26] |
THR: 28; 63.6 ± 7.1 CON: 25; 57.6 ± 7.7 |
L: 13 P: 15 |
6 walking trials: -2 at self-selected low speed -2 at self-selected normal speed -2 at self-selected fast speed |
↑ dynamic hip ROM at 12 months (p < 0.012) | ↓ dynamic hip ROM at 12 months (p < 0.04) |
| Foucher and Wimmer [31] |
THR: 26; 59 ± 9 CON: 25; 54 ± 6 |
A:13 A-P: 13 |
6 walking trials: -4 at self-selected normal speed -2 at self-selected fast (CON and pre) or low (CON and post) speed |
No differences in contralateral hip/knee gait kinematics | ↓ dynamic knee (contralateral) ROM at 12 months (p = 0.015) |
| Horstmann et al. [32] |
THR: 52; 58.0 ± 9.0 CON: 24; 54.0 ± 6.6 |
L: 52 | ND |
↑ dynamic hip ROM at 6 months (p < 0.001) ↑ dynamic hip (contralateral) ROM at 6 months (p = 0.005) ↑ dynamic knee (affected and contralateral) ROM at 6 months (p < 0.001) |
↓ dynamic limb ROM at 6 months (p < 0.001) ↓ dynamic hip (contralateral) ROM at 6 months (p = 0.012) ↓ dynamic knee (contralateral) ROM at 6 months (p < 0.012) ↓ step length (p < 0.001) |
| Lavigne et al. [24] |
THR: 24; 49.8 HR: 24; 49.6 CON: 14; 44.4 |
P: 24 | 5 walking trials at normal and fast speeds | ND |
↑ walking speed at 12 months (p = 0.001) ↑ cadence at 12 months (p < 0.05) |
| Lugade et al. [14] |
THR: 23; 56.9 ± 3.4–57.0 ± 7.3 CON: 10; 59.9 ± 5.3 |
A: 12 A-L: 11 |
5 walking trials at self-selected speed |
↑ single limb support time symmetry in A THR at 6 weeks (p < 0.009) ↑ single limb support time symmetry in A THR (p < 0.001) and A-P THR (p = 0.017) at 4 months ↑step length in A THR (p = 0.017) at 4 months |
↓ symmetry for step length in A-L THR at 6 weeks (p = 0.018) and 4 months (p = 0.012) ↑ pelvic drop at midstance of the affected limb in A THR (p = 0.002) and A-L THR (p = 0.032) |
| Naili et al. [29] |
THR: 34; 66.9 ± 9.0 CON: 25; 65.7 ± 9.5 |
A-L: 34 | 5 walking trials at self-selected speed |
↑ walking speed (p < 0.05) and normalized walking speed at 12 months (p < 0.001) ↑ stride length at 12 months (p < 0.001) ↑ gait pattern of operated and non-operated limbs at 12 months (measured by GDI) |
↓ walking speed and normalized walking sped at 12 months (p < 0.05) ↓ stride length at 12 months (p < 0.001) |
| Nantel et al. [27] |
THR: 10; 49 ± 7.5 HR: 10; 44.9 ± 8.5 CON: 10; 48.6 ± 6 |
P: 10 | 4 walking trials with normal cadence | No statistically significant results at 6 months | No statistically significant results at 6 months |
| Rösler and Perka [28] |
THR: 26; 64.6 ± 7.7 CON: 20; 42.1 ± 13.5 |
L | Walking trials at “acceptable” speed | ↓flexion and extension of the hip and ipsilateral knee (cranialization of the centre of rotation) | ND |
| Wesseling et al. [30] |
THR: 14; 47.3 ± 11.8 CON: 18; 53.0 ± 5.0 |
A: 14 | Walking trials at self-selected speed |
HCF peak 1: ↑ hip adduction on at 6 (p = 0.036) and at 12 months (p = 0.006) ↓ ankle flexion at 6 months (p = 0.009) HCF peak 2: ↑ hip flexion at 3,6 and 12 months (p < 0.001) ↑ hip adduction at 12 months (p = 0.011) ↑ hip rotation at 3 (p = 0.011), 6 (p = 0.005) and 12 months (p = 0.002) ↑ hip rotation (contralateral) at 3 (p = 0.016), 6 (p = 0.038) and 12 months (p = 0.005) ↓ knee flexion at 3.6 and 12 months (p < 0.001) ↓ ankle flexion at 6 months (p = 0.027) and ↑ from 6 to 12 months (p = 0.004) |
↓hip adduction angle |
Age is given as mean ± standard deviation
↑ higher/improvement, ↓ lower, A anterior, A-L antero-lateral, A-P antero-posterior, CON control, GDI Gait Deviation Index, HR hip resurfacing, L lateral, N number of patients, ND no data, P posterior, ROM hip range of motion, THR total hip replacement