Skip to main content
. 2020 Oct 6;11:573564. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.573564

Table 2.

Selected examples of the properties, tissue-specific expression, and physiological functions of CHX transporters in plants.

CHX isoform and plant species Clade Tissue expression Membrane localization Transport properties Demonstrated function References
In Arabidopsis thaliana
AtCHX1
AtCHX2
V Pollen K+? Sze et al., 2004;
Bock et al., 2006
AtCHX3
AtCHX4
AtCHX5
AtCHX6a
AtCHX6b
VII Pollen K+? Sze et al., 2004;
Bock et al., 2006
AtCHX8
AtCHX9
AtCHX10 VII Pollen/Root K+? Downregulation by salinity. Maathuis et al., 2003; Sze et al., 2004; Bock et al., 2006
AtCHX11
AtCHX12
VII Pollen K+? Sze et al., 2004;
Bock et al., 2006
AtCHX13 VII Pollen,
root tip and
elongation zone
PM K+ High-affinity K+ transporter;
K+ uptake under potassium deficiency.
Zhao et al., 2008; Zhao et al., 2015
AtCHX14 VII Pollen PM K+ Low K+ affinity transporter; K+ homeostasis and K+ recirculation in plants. Zhao et al., 2008; Zhao et al., 2015; Jia et al., 2018
AtCHX15 IV Pollen, leaves, root K+? Downregulation by salinity Maathuis et al., 2003;
Sze et al., 2004,
AtCHX16 II Root/leaf ER K+ Chanroj et al., 2011;
AtCHX17 II Epidermal and cortical cells of mature roots PVC in plant,
PM in plant,
Golgi apparatus in plant and yeast
K+ pH and K+ homeostasis in
Golgi cisternae; protein sorting; salt tolerance, embryo development, pollen wall formation, male fertility.
Cellier et al., 2004; Sze et al., 2004; Maresova and Sychrova, 2006; Chanroj et al., 2011; Chanroj et al., 2013; Sun et al., 2015; Czerny et al., 2016; Padmanaban et al., 2017
AtCHX18 II Root/Leaf PVC K+ Embryo development; pH and K+ homeostasis affect pollen wall formation, male fertility. Chanroj et al., 2011; Padmanaban et al., 2017; Jia et al., 2018
AtCHX19 II Root, leaf PVC K+ Cation/proton exchanger at an early phase of male gametogenesis. Sze et al., 2004; Chanroj et al., 2011; Padmanaban et al., 2017
AtCHX20 III Guard cells, root tip/cap ER K+ Osmoregulation,
salt stress responses; light-induced stomatal opening by regulating K+ flux and by pH modulation.
Padmanaban et al., 2007; Chanroj et al., 2011; Padmanaban et al., 2017
AtCHX21 IV Root endodermal cells, leaves,
pollen
PM Na+ and K+? Na+ transport into the xylem; pollen K+ homeostasis; salt stress responses, pollen tube navigation to the ovule. Hall et al., 2006; Evans et al., 2012; Lu et al., 2011
AtCHX23 IV Leaves; pollen ER in pollen tube K+ and Na+ Osmotic adjustment and K+ homeostasis of pollen, pollen tube navigation to the ovule Song et al., 2004; Sze et al., 2004; Evans et al., 2012; Lu et al., 2011
AtCHX24
AtCHX25
VI Pollen K+? Sze et al., 2004; Bock et al., 2006
AtCHX26
AtCHX27
VII Pollen K+? Sze et al., 2004; Bock et al., 2006
AtCHX28 V Pollen K+? Sze et al., 2004;
Bock et al., 2006
In Oryza sativa L.
OsCHX11 III Roots K+ Upregulation by salinity; salt tolerance. Senadheera et al., 2009
OsCHX14 II Lodicules and the region close by throughout the flowering process ER K+, Rb+, Cs+ K+ homeostasis during rice flowering. Chen et al., 2016
In Glycine max
GmCHX1 (GmSALT3) III ER Na+, Cl-? Salt tolerance. Guan et al., 2014; Qi et al., 2014; Qu et al., 2020
GmST1 III Leaves Na+ and K+? Salt and drought tolerance ABA-dependent. Ren et al., 2016
In Glycine soja
GsCHX19.3 II Root, leaf, flower PM K+ K+ uptake; salt and carbonate alkaline tolerance Jia et al., 2017
In Pyrus bretschneideri
PbrCHX16 IV Pollen PM K+ Pollen tube growth Zhou et al., 2016
In Physcomitrella patens
PpCHX1 III Golgi K+ K+ homeostasis Mottaleb et al., 2013
PpCHX2 III PM, Vacuole K+ K+ homeostasis; transfer of K+
from the vacuole to the cytosol or from the cytosol to the external medium.
Mottaleb et al., 2013