Table 1.
Summary of the Epidemiology of Hypertension in Ethiopia
| Author (Year of Publication) | The Region in the Country | Settings (Urban/Rural) | Study Base (Population Based/Hospital-Based) | Age of Subjects | Sample Size (Response Rate %) | Prevalence with Its 95% CI | Awareness | Assessed Risk Factors | Factors with Significant Association |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assefa et al, 201414 | Mekele/Tigray | Urban | Population | >18yr | 709(99.7) | 11% | - | Age, Education, Marital status, ALC, BMI | Age >41yrs, educated, OW, OB |
| Abdissa et al, 201415 | Adis Ababa | Urban | Population | >18 | 2716 | 25%(23.4–26.7) | Age, Sex, Residence | Being male, age | |
| Nshisso et al,201216 | Addis Ababa | Urban | Gov’t employee | >15 | 2153(100) | 19.1% (17.1–20.8) | 55% | Age, Sex, BMI | Age, DM |
| Tadesse & Alemu, 201417 | Gonder/Amhara | Urban | Institution based | ≥18 | 610 | 7.7% | - | Sex, Sleep, Weight, CS, Khat, ALC, BMI, PI | Being male, OW, sleep duration less than 5 hours |
| Abebe et al, 201511 | Gonder/Amhara | Urban & rural | Population | ≥35 | 2200 (97) | 27.9% (26.0, 29.8) | 59.0% | Age, FBG, ALC, OW, BMI, WS, Sex, Residence, PI | Age, ALC, FBG, OW |
| Guchiye & Enqusilasie, 201418 | Addis Ababa | Urban | Steel factory workers | ≥18 | 501 | 37.7% (0.3, 0.4) | 22.0% | Age, Sex, Marital status, FHH, Education, Income, ALC, OB, Job | Age, FHH, ALC, OB |
| Angaw et al, 201519 | Addis Ababa | Urban | Institution based | ≥18 | 655 (96) | 27.3% (23.3–31%) | - | Age, CS, ALC, Khat, FHH, BMI, SRDm | age >28 years, CS, FHH, SRDm, BMI |
| Gudina et al, 20149 | Bedele/Oromia | Urban | Population based | >15 yrs | 422(93.8) | 16.9%. | 44.8% | Age, Sex, Marital status, CS, Education, Khat, WS, ALC, PI, Salt | Age≥35, WS |
| Awoke et al, 201220 | Gondar/Amhara | Urban | Population | ≥ 35 | 679(97.6) | 28.3% (24.9–31.7) | 63% | Age, Education, Marital status, Job, SRDm, FHH, no cont. walking for 10mi/da, BMI, Vegetable eating | FHH, OB, SRDm, age≥55, no cont. walking for 10mi/da |
| Gudina et al, 201321 | Jimma/oromia | Urban & rural | Hospital-based | ≥ 15 | 774(94.83) | 13.2% (10.8–15.6) | 35.1% | Sex, FMH, BMI, Coffee, Khat, CS, OCP use, SRDm | FHH, SRDm, OW, OCP use |
| Giday et al, 201012 | Sidama zone/Southern Region | Urban & rural | Hospital/Population | 15–80 | 444/395(88.9) | 18.8% (15.1–23.1) | - | Ethnicity, DM, BMI, DM, Sex, FHH, WC, FHD | DM |
| Muluneh et al, 201213 | SW Ethiopia, Gilgel Gibe/Southern Region | Urban & rural | Population | 15–64 | 3223(81.3) | 9.3% (8.3–10.3) | 26% | Age, Sex, Residence | - |
| Helelo et al, 201322 | Durame/Southern region | Urban | Population | ≥ 31 | 518(98.6) | 22.4% (18.8–26) | 60% | Sex, Age, FHH, salt use, no cont. walking for 10mi/da, Vegetable eating, BMI | Male sex, FHH, OW, salt use, no cont. walking for 10mi/da |
| Tesfaye et al, 200910 | Addis Ababa | Urban | Population | 25–64 | 3273(88.1) | 30.3% (28.7–31.9) | 35.2% | Age, Sex, Education, BMI, PI, WS, ALC, Salt, CS, Ethnicity, Religion | Age, sex, BMI, PI, WS |
Abbreviations: ALC, alcohol; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; Cont, continuous; CS, cigaratte smoking; FHH, family history of hypertension; OW, over weight; OB, obesity (BMI>30); SRDm, self reported diabetes mellitus; WS, waist circumference; FBG, fasting blood glucose; PI, physical inactivity; OCP use, oral contraceptive use; FHD, family history of sudden death.