Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals for the Relationship between Vegetable Consumption, Fruit Consumption, and Stomach Cancer in Terms of H. pylori Infection Status
|
H. pylori infection (+) |
H. pylori infection (-) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases |
Controls |
Adjusteda |
Cases |
Controls |
Adjusteda |
|
| (n = 40) N (%) |
(n = 56) N (%) |
OR (95% CI) | (n = 40) N (%) |
(n = 90) N (%) |
OR (95% CI) | |
| Vegetable intake | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 12 (30.0) | 20 (35.8) | 1.00 (reference) | 16 (40.0) | 28 (31.1) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Tertile 2 | 14 (35.0) | 18 (32.1) | 1.25 (0.35–4.46) | 14 (35.0) | 29 (32.2) | 1.37 (0.48–3.86) |
| Tertile 3 | 14 (35.0) | 18 (32.1) | 1.83 (0.51–6.59) | 10 (25.0) | 33 (36.7) | 0.97 (0.31–2.98) |
| p for trend | 0.348 | 0.974 | ||||
| Fruit intake | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 15 (37.5) | 17 (30.4) | 1.00 (reference) | 19 (47.5) | 25 (27.8) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Tertile 2 | 13 (32.5) | 19 (33.9) | 0.61 (0.18–2.05) | 14 (35.0) | 29 (32.2) | 0.49 (0.17–1.36) |
| Tertile 3 | 12 (30.0) | 20 (35.7) | 0.76 (0.21–2.68) | 7 (17.5) | 36 (40.0) | 0.21 (0.06–0.69) |
| p for trend | 0.670 | 0.010 | ||||
aEstimates were adjusted for age (years, continuous), education levels (primary school, secondary school, high school or higher, unknown), family history of cancer (yes, no), tobacco smoking (current, ex, never), fruit or vegetable intake (whenever one was not the main exposure).