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. 2020 Oct 6;11:587913. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.587913

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Lactate promotes the phosphorylation of AMPK, LATS1 and YAP through the GPR81 receptor. Macrophages were transfected siRNA for GPR81 or scrambled siRNA control 24 h before the cells were treated with lactate followed by LPS stimulation. (A) Knockdown of GPR81 expression was assayed by Western blot. (B, C) Silencing of GPR81 prevented lactate promoted phosphorylation of AMPK, LATS and YAP (B), and attenuated lactate decreased nuclear YAP levels (C). (D, E) Silencing of GPR81 attenuated lactate-decreased production of TNFα (D) and IL-6 (E) pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. (F) Inhibition of GPR81 by its antagonist 3-OBA partially abolished lactate-suppressed TNFα production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. N/group = at least three independent experiments. Values are mean ± SD. P values were made by comparison with indicated groups (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001).