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. 2020 Oct 19;181(2):275–277. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.4009

Table 2. Pregnancy Exposure to Modafinil and Armodafinil, 2010-2019.

Characteristic No. (%)
Prospective Retrospective Total
Pregnancies (by individual)
Total No. 122 26 148
Lost to follow-up 4 (3) 0 4 (3)
Pregnancies complete (known outcomes) 110 (90) 26 (100) 136 (92)
Outcome pending 8 (7) 0 8 (5)
Pregnancies with known outcomes (by fetus)a
Total No. 116 26 142
Live birth 102 (88) 17 (65) 119 (84)
Major congenital malformationsb 13 (13) 3 (18) 16 (13)
Spontaneous abortion 13 (11) 8 (31) 21 (15)
Elective terminationc 1 (1) 1 (4) 2 (1)
Fetal death 0 0 0
a

Including 6 twin fetuses.

b

Percentage is calculated of total live births.

c

Termination in prospective case was because of diagnosis of trisomy 21 and in retrospective case because of unknown reasons.