Table 1.

PICOS, inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria applied to database search

PICOS	Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
Population	• Undergraduate medical students from preclinical and clinical years • Nurses, and members of allied health including occupational therapist, physiotherapist and pharmacist, social workers	• Complementary medicine, non-medical specialties (e.g. Veterinary and Dentistry) and physicians outside of the Internal Medicine scope.
Intervention	• Pedagogy strategies in educating medical students about communication within the healthcare team through face-to-face or real-time virtual communication approaches	• Pedagogy strategies in educating other healthcare providers towards communicating with physicians
Comparison	• Comparison of pedagogy strategies, evaluation methods, outcomes and challenges in nurturing interprofessional communication
Outcome	• Interprofessional communication strategies, evaluation methods on the effectiveness of educational practices • Outcomes and challenges in nurturing interprofessional communication
Study design	• Articles in English or translated to English • All study designs including: ° Mixed methods research, randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and descriptive papers ° Case reports and series, ideas, editorials, and perspectives • Year of Publication: 1 January 2000–31 December 2018 • Databases: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, ERIC, JSTOR, and Google Scholar	• Electronic and print information not controlled by commercial publishing