Table 1.
Demographic and baseline clinical features of COVID-19 patients with and without dysosmia or dysgeusia.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 217) | With dysosmia or dysgeusia (Cases, n = 78) | Without dysosmia and dysgeusia (Controls, n = 139) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Median age (IQR), years | 33 (24–50) | 29 (22–36) | 37 (26–55) | <0.001 |
| Women, n (%) | 116 (53.5) | 52 (66.7) | 64 (46.0) | 0.003 |
| Travel history, n (%) | ||||
| East/South-East Asia | 14 (6.5) | 2 (2.6) | 12 (8.6) | 0.09 |
| North America | 59 (27.2) | 28 (35.9) | 31 (22.3) | 0.03 |
| Europe | 92 (42.4) | 38 (48.7) | 54 (38.9) | 0.16 |
| Africa | 22 (10.1) | 5 (6.4) | 17 (12.2) | 0.17 |
| Other area | 2 (0.9) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (0.7) | 0.99 |
| No travel history | 28 (12.9) | 4 (5.1) | 24 (17.3) | 0.01 |
| Clinical features, n (%) | ||||
| Fever | 98 (45.2) | 33 (42.3) | 65 (46.8) | 0.50 |
| Cough | 115 (53.0) | 43 (55.1) | 72 (51.8) | 0.68 |
| Rhinorrhea | 53 (24.4) | 27 (34.6) | 26 (18.7) | 0.01 |
| Disease severity, n (%) | ||||
| Upper respiratory infection | 129 (59.4) | 54 (69.2) | 75 (54.0) | 0.03 |
| Pneumonia without mechanical ventilatory support | 67 (30.9) | 23 (29.5) | 44 (31.7) | 0.74 |
| Pneumonia with mechanical ventilatory support | 21 (9.7) | 1 (1.3) | 20 (14.4) | 0.002 |
| Treatment, n (%) | ||||
| LPV/r | 6 (2.8) | 2 (2.6) | 4 (2.9) | 0.99 |
| RDV | 5 (2.3) | 1 (1.3) | 4 (2.9) | 0.66 |
| HCQ | 131 (60.4) | 53 (68) | 78 (56.1) | 0.09 |
| Azithromycin | 71 (32.7) | 29 (37.2) | 42 (30.2) | 0.22 |
| Outcome, n (%) | ||||
| Duration of viral shedding (days) | 25 (18–35) | 24 (17–32) | 26 (18–37) | 0.14 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 3 (1.4) | 0 | 3 (2.2) | 0.56 |
Data are presented as number (%) unless otherwise specified.
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir; RDV, remdesivir; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine.