Table 2.
Consumption rate of drugs in urban A, urban B, and a rural community in Kentucky, U.S. The values in parenthesis represent the 95% confidence interval.
| Analytes | Consumption Rate (mg/d/1000 people) (95% Confidence Interval) |
Mean difference (95% Confidence Interval) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban A | Urban B | Rural | Urban A - Urban B | Urban A - Rural | Urban B - Rural | |
| Stimulants | ||||||
| Cocaine (CCN)* | 3830 (2850, 5060) | 1850 (1170, 2780) | 864 (471, 1440) | 1980 (785, 3250) | 2960 (1920, 4200) | 984 (149, 1970) |
| Cocaine** | 2790 (2040, 3710) | 1180 (748, 1760) | 363 (199, 603) | 1610 (698, 2600) | 2430 (1650, 3350) | 816 (332, 1430) |
| Amphetamine (AMP) | 400 (279, 556) | 344 (208, 535) | 738 (446, 1100) | 344 (208, 535) | −338 (−677, −43) | −393 (−748, −78) |
| Methamphetamine (MAPT) | 1030 (721, 1400) | 1160 (694, 1790) | 1660 (985, 2460) | 1160 (694, 1790) | −629 (−1430, 81) | −276 (−1260, 581) |
| Methylphenidate (MPD) | 284 (185, 398) | 290 (198, 415) | 605 (372, 885) | −6 (−163, 142) | −321 (−616, −62) | −315 (−611, −50) |
| Opioids/Narcotics | ||||||
| Heroin* (HER) | 1620 (961, 2700) | 1810 (600, 3610) | n/a | −187 (−1730, 1130) | n/a | n/a |
| Morphine (MPH) | 312 (208, 452) | 229 (140, 357) | 99 (54, 167) | 83 (−46, 214) | 213 (107, 345) | 130 (34, 254) |
| Methadone* (MTD) | 106 (65, 178) | 92 (53, 160) | 1410 (708, 2600) | 14 (−31, 60) | −1300 (−2450, −620) | −1317 (−2490, −635) |
| Methadone** | 449 (289, 716) | 428 (253, 716) | NA | 21 (−178, 204) | NA | NA |
| Codeine (CDN) | 50 (31, 86) | 52 (28, 96) | 192 (87, 388) | −2 (−32, 21) | −142 (−320, −44) | −140 (−319, −42) |
| Fentanyl (FNT) | 169 (85, 391) | 134 (54, 324) | 31 (13, 72) | 35 (−57, 150) | 138 (66, 327) | 103 (32, 267) |
| Oxycodone (OCD) | 566 (272, 1060) | 459 (232, 866) | 465 (217, 919) | 107 (−230, 474) | 101 (−281, 488) | −6 (−367, 325) |
| Hydrocodone (HCD) | 166 (126, 213) | 134 (93, 189) | 507 (289, 820) | 33 (−35, 95) | −341 (−657, −118) | −373 (−689, −149) |
| Hydromorphone (HMP) | 67 (51, 87) | 40 (28, 56) | 142 (82, 226) | 27 (4, 51) | −75 (−161, −11) | −102 (−187, −40) |
| Buprenorphine (BPN) | 1700 (1220, 2260) | 1480 (975, 2150) | 3150 (1800, 5030) | 219 (−568, 955) | −1450 (−3370, −2) | −1670 (−3600, −176) |
| Hallucinogens | ||||||
| MDMA | 28 (19, 40) | 21 (11, 36) | n/a | 7 (−10, 21) | n/a | n/a |
| MDEA | 25* | < LOQ | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| MDA | 6 (5, 8) | < LOQ | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| THC* | 88100 (54000-134000) | 78700 (48500-122000) | n/a | 9400 (−35500-53200) | n/a | n/a |
| Antischizophrenics | ||||||
| Quetiapine (QTP) | 31 (26, 36) | 33 (21, 48) | 31 (18, 49) | −2 (−21, 14) | 0 (−22,17) | 2 (−22, 18) |
| Sedatives-Hypnotics-Anxiolytics | ||||||
| Lorazepam (LZP) | 8 (5, 10) | 12 (8, 17) | 26 (16, 37) | −4 (−11, 1) | −14 (−29, −4) | −14 (−27, −4) |
| Alprazolam (APZ) | 66 (53, 81) | 68 (49, 94) | 30 (17, 50) | −2 (−31, 23) | 36 (13, 56) | 38 (10, 68) |
| Diazepam (DZP) | 3 (2, 5) | < LOQ | 4 (2, 4) | n/a | −1 (−3, 2) | n/a |
| Oxazepam (OXZ) | 3 (2, 5) | 4 (2, 7) | 40 (23, 63) | −1 (−4, 2) | −37 (−60, −20) | −36 (−59, −19) |
| Temazepam (TMZ) | 16 (10, 23) | 37 (24, 55) | 83 (48, 132) | −21 (−40, −6) | −67 (−116, −32) | −46 (−96, −7) |
| Carbamazepine (CRB) | 749 (567, 959) | 1580 (1000, 2350) | 615 (347, 1000) | −835 (−1620, −217) | 134 (−289, 479) | 969 (279, 1780) |
| Antidepressants | ||||||
| Sertraline (SRT) | 11700 (7960, 15100) | 14300 (9020, 21400) | 4030 (2180, 6730) | −2700 (−11600, 4610) | 7620 (2550, 12,150) | 10300 (5230, 14000) |
| Fluoxetine (FLX) | 581 (459, 724) | 787 (547, 1110) | 210 (115, 349) | −206 (−547, 73) | 371 (192, 545) | 577 (304, 923) |
| Venlafaxine (VNF) | 4750 (3470, 6240) | 6230 (4200, 8960) | 5450 (3150, 8720) | −1480 (−4400, 1010) | −705 (−4160, 2020) | 775 (−3060, 4350) |
| Citalopram (CTP) | 916 (536, 1600) | 1080 (599, 1940) | 1160 (565, 2250) | −159 (−720, 285) | −248 (−1060, 323) | −89 (−909, 603) |
*
based on the concentration of a metabolite
**
based on the concentration of residual parent drug; bolds values are significantly different (range of mean difference did not include zero); < LOQ: below the limit of quantitation, n/a: non-applicable.