Table 2.
Effect of biostimulants treatment on the antioxidant potential in common bean seeds.
| Parameters | Biostimulant treatment | Biostimulant | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kelpak SL | Terra Sorb Complex | ||||||||
| Season | Average ± SD | Season | Average ± SD | ||||||
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | ||||
| Anthocyanins (mg g−1 DM) | C | 0.010 ± 0.001a | 0.007 ± 0.01a | 0.011 ± 0.001a | 0.009 ± 0.002a | 0.010 ± 0.001a | 0.007 ± 0.001a | 0.011 ± 0.001a | 0.009 ± 0.002a |
| LSS | 0.393 ± 0.012c | 0.516 ± 0.015d | 0.306 ± 0.009d | 0.405 ± 0.105b | 0.226 ± 0.010c | 0.564 ± 0.015d | 0.382 ± 0.033c ± d | 0.391 ± 0.169b | |
| HSS | 0.218 ± 0.011b | 0.378 ± 0.013b | 0.201 ± 0.005b | 0.266 ± 0.098b | 0.418 ± 0.014d | 0.320 ± 0.014b | 0.348 ± 0.053c | 0.362 ± 0.051b | |
| LDS | 0.208 ± 0.013b | 0.402 ± 0.010c | 0.208 ± 0.007b | 0.273 ± 0.112b | 0.176 ± 0.012b | 0.309 ± 0.012b | 0.260 ± 0.040b | 0.249 ± 0.067b | |
| HDS | 0.441 ± 0.010d | 0.372 ± 0.007b | 0.274 ± 0.007c | 0.362 ± 0.362b | 0.534 ± 0.010e | 0.354 ± 0.008c | 0.438 ± 0.018d | 0.442 ± 0.090b | |
| Total flavonoids (mg g−1 DM) | C | 1.166 ± 0.003a | 1.095 ± 0.005a | 1.210 ± 0.011a | 1.157 ± 0.58a | 1.166 ± 0.003a | 1.095 ± 0.005a | 1.210 ± 0.011a | 1.157 ± 0.058a |
| LSS | 4.739 ± 0.089b | 5.048 ± 0.078e | 3.536 ± 0.050c | 4.441 ± 0.798a | 1.992 ± 0.081b | 7.354 ± 0.119d | 4.660 ± 0.062b | 4.669 ± 2.681ab | |
| HSS | 4.767 ± 0.106b | 1.378 ± 0.125b | 3.395 ± 0.076b | 3.180 ± 1.705a | 5.900 ± 0.110d | 4.702 ± 0.146c | 4.986 ± 0.770b | 5.196 ± 0.626b | |
| LDS | 6.216 ± 0.050c | 4.219 ± 0.069d | 3.695 ± 0.042d | 4.710 ± 1.330a | 4.686 ± 0.094c | 4.384 ± 0.074b | 4.669 ± 0.323b | 4.580 ± 0.169ab | |
| HDS | 10.262 ± 0.079d | 3.914 ± 0.139c | 4.323 ± 0.064e | 6.166 ± 3.553a | 7.386 ± 0.121e | 4.850 ± 0.098c | 6.051 ± 0.178c | 6.096 ± 1.269b | |
| Reducing power (mg TE g−1 DM) | C | 2.459 ± 0.009b | 2.967 ± 0.007a | 2.638 ± 0.051 | 2.688 ± 0.258a | 2.459 ± 0.009c | 2.967 ± 0.007b | 2.638 ± 0.051b | 2.688 ± 0.258a |
| LSS | 2.306 ± 0.123b | 2.932 ± 0.125a | 2.882 ± 0.072c | 2.707 ± 0.348a | 2.318 ± 0.107bc | 0.718 ± 0.093a | 1.674 ± 0.380a | 1.570 ± 0.805a | |
| HSS | 3.060 ± 0.131c | 3.842 ± 0.054c | 3.299 ± 0.093d | 3.400 ± 0.401a | 2.727 ± 0.109d | 4.740 ± 0.122c | 3.640 ± 0.255c | 3.702 ± 1.008a | |
| LDS | 3.367 ± 0.062d | 4.843 ± 0.133d | 3.380 ± 0.055d | 3.863 ± 0.849a | 1.967 ± 0.116a | 4.776 ± 0.117c | 3.475 ± 0.237c | 3.406 ± 1.406a | |
| HDS | 1.662 ± 0.129a | 3.386 ± 0.130b | 2.501 ± 0.064a | 2.516 ± 0.862a | 2.224 ± 0.085b | 7.008 ± 0.121d | 4.541 ± 0.198d | 4.591 ± 2.392a | |
| Total phenols (mg g−1 DM) | C | 23.555 ± 0.027a | 26.252 ± 0.035a | 25.083 ± 0.353a | 24.963 ± 1.353a | 23.555 ± 0.027a | 26.252 ± 0.035a | 25.083 ± 0.353a | 24.963 ± 1.353a |
| LSS | 36.261 ± 0.577d | 44.145 ± 0.683e | 36.834 ± 0.435d | 39.080 ± 4.369c | 26.912 ± 0.403b | 38.853 ± 0.406e | 32.541 ± 0.799c | 32.769 ± 5.974a | |
| HSS | 29.849 ± 0.270b | 31.656 ± 0.453c | 31.496 ± 0.265c | 31.000 ± 1.00ab | 37.730 ± 0.669d | 29.109 ± 0.362b | 32.853 ± 1.339c | 33.230 ± 4.323a | |
| LDS | 32.770 ± 0.492bc | 29.112 ± 0.697b | 29.820 ± 0.563b | 30.567 ± 1.940ab | 24.090 ± 0.510a | 33.207 ± 0.553c | 29.069 ± 1.129b | 28.789 ± 4.565a | |
| HDS | 35.385 ± 0.277c | 34.455 ± 0.473d | 31.450 ± 0.106c | 33.763 ± 2.056bc | 31.894 ± 0.506c | 35.844 ± 0.387d | 33.831 ± 0.171c | 33.856 ± 1.975a | |
C control, LSS lower concentration single spraying, LDS lower concentration double spraying, HSS higher concentration single spraying, HDS higher concentration double spraying. Means in the columns, concerning the selected traits, followed by different small letters are significantly different at p < 0.05.