TABLE 1.
Main proteins modulating iron metabolism in ferroptosis.
| Gene | Description | Functions | Diseases/models | References |
| CISD1 | CDGSH iron sulfur domain 1 | Regulates mitochondrial iron homeostasis | Cancer | Yuan et al., 2016a |
| CISD2 | CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 | Regulates mitochondrial iron homeostasis | Cancer | Kim et al., 2018 |
| CP | Ceruloplasmin | Mediates oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ | Cancer, ischemic stroke | Shang et al., 2020; Tuo et al., 2017 |
| FTH1 | Ferritin heavy chain 1 | Stores iron | Drosophila | Mumbauer et al., 2019 |
| FTL | Ferritin light chain | Stores iron | Drosophila | Mumbauer et al., 2019 |
| FTMT | Ferritin mitochondrial | Stores iron | Neuronal cells | Wang et al., 2016 |
| HMOX1 | Heme oxygenase 1 | Catabolizes heme | Cancer, ferroptotic damage in heart and renal proximal tubular cells | Kwon et al., 2015; Chang et al., 2018; Fang et al., 2019; Adedoyin et al., 2018; Sun et al., 2016b |
| HSPB1 | Heat shock protein family B small member 1 | Inhibits iron uptake | Cancer | Sun et al., 2015 |
| IREB2 | Iron-responsive element binding protein 2 | Regulates the translation of mRNAs that affect iron homeostasis | Cancer | Dixon et al., 2012 |
| LTF | Lactotransferrin | Transports iron | Cancer | Wang et al., 2020 |
| NCOA4 | Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 | Mediates ferritinophagy | Cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aging, liver fibrosis | Hou et al., 2016; Gao et al., 2016; Yoshida et al., 2019; Masaldan et al., 2018; Kong et al., 2019; Chen G.Q. et al., 2020 |
| NFS1 | NFS1 cysteine desulfurase | Mediates biosynthesis of the Fe-S cluster | Cancer | Alvarez et al., 2017 |
| PCBP1 | Poly(RC) binding protein 1 | Iron chaperones | Hepatic steatosis | Protchenko et al., 2020 |
| PROM2 | Prominin-2 | Promotes ferritin export | Cancer | Brown et al., 2019 |
| SLC25A28 | Solute carrier family 25 member 28 | Mediates mitochondrial iron import | Hepatic stellate cells | Zhang et al., 2020 |
| SLC39A14 | Solute carrier family 39 member 14 | Mediates iron uptake | Liver fibrosis | Yu et al., 2020 |
| SLC40A1 | Solute carrier family 40 member 1 | Mediates iron export | Cancer, testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury | Geng et al., 2018; Li L. et al., 2018 |
| TF | Transferrin | Transports iron | Cancer | Gao et al., 2015 |
| TFRC | Transferrin receptor | Mediates iron uptake | Cancer | Gao et al., 2015; Ooko et al., 2015; Song et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2019; Yang and Stockwell, 2008 |