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. 2020 Oct 20;10:17722. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74662-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Experimental design of this study, and representative images and analytical procedure of maternal, fetal, and adult ECG. (A) Schedule of the experiments. (B) Representative images of maternal, fetal, and adult ECG measurements in mice. The power spectrum density was calculated from RR intervals. The low-frequency (LF) power indicates activities of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, whereas the high-frequency (HF) power indicates parasympathetic nervous activity and the LF/HF ratio indicates sympathetic nervous activity.