FIGURE 1.

Blastocyst gene expression analysis between young and aging patients to identify SASP factors derived from human embryos. (a) Pregnancy rate of young (25–37 years, n = 118) and aging (38–44 years, n = 82) patients after high‐quality blastocyst (above 3BB by the Gardner criteria) transfer to normal thickness of endometrium (>7 mm). *p < 0.01. (b) A scatter plot of all 23,210 transcripts expressed in human blastocysts analyzed using Agilent Whole human V2 genome Oligo microarray 4 × 44 K. Gene expression in two age groups (young; 25–37 years n = 5, aging; 38–44 years n = 5) was compared. Total 820 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes (red marks, fold change >5, p < 0.01); 702 genes were highly expressed in aging blastocysts and 118 genes highly expressed in young blastocysts. (c) GO analysis of differentially expressed genes. Six GO terms based on biological process were significantly over‐represented in aging human blastocysts. (d) Validation of microarray data on CXCL5 expression by using quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR. *p < 0.01. Data of quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR were shown as mean ± SE. n = 3 per group. (e) Expression levels of key SASP factors in human aging blastocysts. Data were presented as fold changes against human young embryos