Table 1.

Mean level of loneliness, depression, and anxiety in January and April/May 2020 and model-based estimates for study wave

Outcome	January	April/May	b or CR	p-value	95% CI
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Loneliness	2.26 (1.84)	2.53 (1.89)	.25	<.001	.11, .39
Depression	1.63 (1.67)	1.86 (1.59)	1.13	.013	1.03, 1.24
Anxiety	2.12 (1.77)	2.05 (1.76)	.96	.386	.88, 1.05

CI = confidence interval; SD = standard deviation.

^aFor depression and anxiety, a negative binomial distribution was specified to estimate count ratios (CRs) describing the proportional change due to a 1-unit increase in the covariate. Covariates included sex, sexual orientation, age in January, dummy codes for race/ethnicity, and education completed as of January. Range of scores for each of the outcomes was 0–six at each study visit.