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. 2020 Oct 21;17:311. doi: 10.1186/s12974-020-01991-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — The expression of TREM2 in microglia is upregulated in the ipsilateral SDH after SNI surgery. a The 50% PWT in the ipsilateral (Ipsi) and/or contralateral (Contra) hind paw was evaluated by von Frey test before and after SNI in Sham or SNI rats. Data were presented as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. SNI-Contra group. b Representative blots and expression of TREM2 was analyzed by Western blot in the ipsilateral (Ipsi) and/or contralateral (Contra) SDH at post-operative day 0-14 following spared nerve injury (SNI) (n = 6/group). c The expression of TREM2 mRNA was detected by qPCR in the SDH at different time points following SNI. Results were normalized to the housekeeping gene Gapdh (n = 6/group). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. Ipsi, &&p < 0.01, &&&p < 0.001 vs Contra. d Representative confocal images of double immunostaining showing colocalization of Iba-1 (green) and TREM2 (red) signals in the SDH at 7 days in Sham and SNI rats. The yellow dotted boxes showed areas of higher magnification in the ipsilateral SDH (a’ and b’). Original magnification, ×20. Scale bar, 200 μm (d), 50 μm (a’ and b’; d). e, f Quantification of TREM2 fluorescence intensity (e) and Iba1-positive microglial numbers (f) in the ipsilateral SDH at all time points in Sham and SNI rats (n = 4 per group). All results were presented as the mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. SNI. &&p < 0.01, &&&p < 0.001 vs Sham