Table 2.

Descriptive Statistics.

	Korea (n = 249)		U.S. (n = 251)
Scale	M (SD)	α	M (SD)	α
1. NSSM	5.54 (0.99)	.86	5.54 (1.12)	.89
2. NSSF	5.30 (0.94)	.85	5.32 (1.26)	.91
3. FOB	3.84 (0.48)	.91	3.15 (0.69)	.92
4. AFS	4.81 (0.92)	.89	5.54 (0.85)	.91
5. RSE	2.45 (0.18)	.87	3.10 (0.57)	.87
6.CESD	1.92 (0.52)	.80	1.66 (0.49)	.85

Note. NSSM = need satisfaction scale for mothers; NSSF = need satisfaction scale for fathers; FOB = family obligation values; AFS = motivation; RSE = Rosenberg self-esteem; CESD = depression.

^U.S. students were born in the U.S., White and not Latino.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.