Table 1.

Summary statistics based on sectoral price volatility (by denoted period).

	O&G explor.	O&G refin.	Integ. O&G	O&G S&Eq.	O&G trans.	O&G drill.	Coal	R.Energy
Before COVID-19
Mean	−0.0002	0.0001	−0.0002	−0.0002	0.0000	−0.0004	−0.0004	0.0001
Variance	0.0000	0.0000	0.0001	0.0000	0.0000	0.0002	0.0000	0.0000
Skewness	−0.4643	−0.5429	−0.1366	−0.6277	−0.1018	0.3888	−1.0055	−0.7548
Kurtosis	6.0903	7.4979	12.4128	7.0368	10.9248	15.6173	15.6995	12.8746
Minimum	−0.0406	−0.0282	−0.0891	−0.0379	−0.0257	−0.0996	−0.0609	−0.0509
Maximum	0.0268	0.0167	0.0623	0.0315	0.0340	0.1247	0.0347	0.0474
Chinese-confirmed pneumonia
Mean	0.0003	−0.0001	0.0004	0.0005	0.0004	0.0005	−0.0004	0.0005
Variance	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0001	0.0002	0.0000
Skewness	0.8712	0.1362	0.4342	0.4358	0.4823	0.9230	−11.0622	−0.1196
Kurtosis	6.7401	6.7153	6.2633	8.1000	3.5857	5.6805	177.1660	3.6085
Minimum	−0.0227	−0.0143	−0.0274	−0.0260	−0.0124	−0.0340	−0.2015	−0.0218
Maximum	0.0238	0.0139	0.0355	0.0258	0.0141	0.0619	0.0364	0.0207
WHO-confirmed COVID-19
Mean	−0.0004	−0.0004	−0.0016	−0.0008	−0.0004	−0.0001	−0.0005	0.0002
Variance	0.0002	0.0002	0.0008	0.0002	0.0002	0.0010	0.0004	0.0002
Skewness	0.4975	0.8250	2.5959	−0.7128	−0.0421	2.3340	1.1882	−0.2600
Kurtosis	11.8352	14.4664	30.5347	7.3994	12.5880	23.9301	12.4862	10.0720
Minimum	−0.0887	−0.0578	−0.1354	−0.0728	−0.1031	−0.1560	−0.0887	−0.1004
Maximum	0.1152	0.1148	0.3107	0.0722	0.0949	0.3432	0.1598	0.1023
Negative WTI prices and after
Mean	0.0015	0.0010	0.0017	0.0012	0.0010	0.0038	0.0006	0.0007
Variance	0.0003	0.0002	0.0012	0.0003	0.0002	0.0016	0.0005	0.0002
Skewness	0.1352	0.6487	0.9085	−0.5200	−0.2916	2.9514	0.1474	0.0168
Kurtosis	3.8145	9.4841	5.7264	3.5844	3.2466	19.7679	4.1260	3.6318
Minimum	−0.0651	−0.0578	−0.1262	−0.0717	−0.0597	−0.1238	−0.0887	−0.0755
Maximum	0.0924	0.1148	0.1973	0.0722	0.0514	0.3432	0.1135	0.0665

Note: The above data represents hourly sectoral price volatility for the period March 2019 through May 2020. Data was obtained from Thomson Reuters Eikon.