Table 2.
Univariate analysis comparing in-hospital survival to mortality
| Characteristic | No Hospital Mortality n = 9,063 |
Hospital Mortality n = 1,330 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 55 ± 17 | 62 ± 16 | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 5351 (59) | 796 (60) | 0.591 |
| Race | <0.001 | ||
| African American | 1002 (11) | 116 (9) | |
| Caucasian | 7122 (79) | 1033 (78) | |
| Other race | 343 (4) | 40 (3) | |
| Physiological data and lab values on presentation | |||
| Temperature maximum, °C (8,739; 1,271) | 37.8 ± 0.9 | 37.7 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| Temperature minimum, °C (8,739; 1,271) | 36.6 ± 0.6 | 36.3 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| Median heart rate, min−1 (9,047; 1,324) | 98 ± 17 | 100 ± 21 | <0.001 |
| Median respiratory rate, min−1 (8,974; 1,286) | 20 ± 5 | 23 ± 7 | <0.001 |
| Median systolic blood pressure, mmHg (9,030; 1,316) | 122 ± 22 | 114 ± 24 | <0.001 |
| Median diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (9,024; 1,313) | 65 ± 12 | 60 ± 13 | <0.001 |
| Oxygen saturation maximum, % (9,012; 1,306) | 98 ± 2 | 99 ± 3 | 0.005 |
| Oxygen saturation minimum, % (9,012; 1,306) | 91 ± 8 | 85 ± 16 | <0.001 |
| White blood cell count, K/uL (6,764; 1,161) | 13.1 ± 10.2 | 17.5 ± 24.7 | <0.001 |
| Hematocrit, % (6,786; 1,166) | 30.9 ± 6.1 | 30.6 ± 6.4 | 0.265 |
| Platelets, K/uL (6,785; 1,166) | 206 ± 133 | 168 ± 119 | <0.001 |
| Bicarbonate, mmol/L (6,731; 1,142) | 25.6 ± 4.4 | 23.5 ± 6.2 | <0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL (6,678; 1,162) | 25 ± 19 | 39 ± 26 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL (6,769; 1,164) | 1.33 ± 1.37 | 1.83 ± 1.35 | <0.001 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale maximum (4,895; 726) | 13 ± 3 | 9 ± 5 | <0.001 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale minimum (4,895; 726) | 12 ± 4 | 8 ± 5 | <0.001 |
| APACHE II score (9,063, 1,330) | 11 ± 7 | 19 ± 9 | <0.001 |
| Positive Culture | 926 (10) | 179 (13) | <0.001 |
| Antibiotic use | |||
| None | 3912 (43) | 619 (47) | <0.001 |
| Received only on day 3 before presentation | 568 (6) | 47 (4) | |
| Received on days 2 & 3 before presentation | 221 (2) | 12 (1) | |
| Received on days 1, 2 & 3 before presentation | 1595 (18) | 266 (20) | |
| Received on days 1 & 3 before presentation | 104 (1) | 23 (2) | |
| Received only on day 2 before presentation | 165 (2) | 9 (1) | |
| Received on days 1 & 2 before presentation | 879 (10) | 107 (8) | |
| Received only on day 1 before presentation | 1619 (18) | 247 (19) | |
| Before presentation | |||
| Mechanical ventilation | 1789 (20) | 317 (24) | <0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 100 (1) | 57 (4) | <0.001 |
| Plasma transfusion | 821 (9) | 365 (27) | <0.001 |
| Red blood cell transfusion | 1215 (13) | 198 (15) | 0.153 |
| Platelet transfusion | 575 (6) | 123 (9) | <0.001 |
| Receiving vasopressors | 881 (10) | 517 (39) | <0.001 |
| Therapies initiated within 24 hours of presentation | |||
| Mechanical ventilation | 1735 (19) | 578 (43) | <0.001 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 149 (2) | 130 (10) | <0.001 |
| Plasma transfusion | 213 (2) | 147 (11) | <0.001 |
| Red blood cell transfusion | 715 (8) | 205 (15) | <0.001 |
| Platelet transfusion | 339 (4) | 151 (11) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± or frequency (percentage). * If patients are missing values, the numbers of patients with values for that variable are shown in parentheses after the variable (n for negative cultures; n for positive cultures). Bonferroni adjusted p-value for statistical significance p<0.008.