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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2020 Oct 15;183(2):537–548.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.019

Figure 2. Estimating HVC network activity with submillisecond precision.

Figure 2.

(A) Spike raster plots of HVC(RA) neurons from one bird. Each row represents a single rendition with the timing of syllables indicated with gray shading during different song repetitions. (B) Difference between burst times in individual song motifs and the mean burst times for the spiking patterns shown in (A). Burst times in the same song motif are connected by lines. (C) Standard deviation (SD) of burst times of HVC(RA) neurons as a function of burst time during song in five birds. The gray line represents the bird analyzed in Panel (C). (D) Top: Burst times of the three neurons (indicated in (A) with arrowheads) after removing trial-to-trial variation in overall sequence speed. Bottom: Histograms of aligned burst onset times. (E) Histogram of burst onset jitter (root mean squared error) for 39 HVC(RA) and 216 HVC(X) bursts recorded in five birds. (F) Top: 10 HVC(RA) and 19 HVC(X) burst events occurring during a single syllable, sorted according to burst onset time (bold). Bottom: All burst onset times occurring during this syllable (black: syllable onset/offset). (G) All burst onset times included in this data set (282 bursts – 66 HVC (RA) and 216 HVC(X), 22 syllables, 5 birds). Each row shows all bursts occurring during individual syllables. The row with the arrowhead is featured in (F). Inset: Power spectra of burst onset times for all projection neurons (top) and for HVC(RA) neurons only (bottom). Thin lines: power spectra of individual birds (n=5), thick lines: average across birds.