Table 2.

Bivariable multinomial logistic regression analyses of factors associated with membership in suboptimal OAT engagement groups (versus membership in the “Consistently High” OAT engagement group) among OAT initiators, Vancouver, British Columbia, 2005–2018.

	OAT engagement trajectory groups
	Consistently low		Increasing		Decreasing
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Age (per year older)	0.99	0.96, 1.02	1.00	0.97, 1.03	1.02	0.99, 1.05
Male sex	1.20	0.72, 2.01	1.22	0.75, 2.01	1.25	0.69, 2.26
White race	0.72	0.43, 1.19c	0.84	0.51, 1.36	1.11	0.62,1.97
HIV-positive	0.74	0.43, 1.26	0.81	0.49, 1.35	1.03	0.57, 1.87
History of mental illness	1.56	0.94, 2.59c	1.31	0.80, 2.12	1.49	0.83, 2.66c
High-risk drinkinga	1.41	0.52, 3.77	1.74	0.70, 4.36	1.63	0.56, 4.79
≥ Daily crack usea	0.85	0.50, 1.47	1.13	0.68, 1.89	0.88	0.47, 1.64
≥ Daily cannabis usea	0.75	0.39, 1.46	1.02	0.56, 1.86	0.72	0.33, 1.57
Recent non-fatal overdosea	0.98	0.37, 2.62	1.41	0.59, 3.37	0.63	0.17, 2.33
OAT initiation ≥ 2014	1.70	0.91,3.17c	0.79	0.40, 1.59	0.62	0.26, 1.52
Unmet health or social needsa	1.21	0.68,2.18	0.81	0.44, 1.48	0.94	0.47, 1.90
Homelessnessa	0.74	0.43,1.26	1.19	0.72, 1.94	0.97	0.53, 1.76
Employment	2.10	1.08, 4.09b	1.92	1.00, 3.71c	2.50	1.20, 5.20b
Incarcerationa	1.10	0.56, 2.17	0.53	0.24, 1.16c	0.65	0.27, 1.60

OAT, opioid agonist therapy; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

^aRefers to the 6-month period prior to the baseline interview.

^bP < 0.05, and considered for inclusion in the multivariable model selection process.

^cP < 0.20, and considered for inclusion in the multivariable model selection process.