Fig. 1. Sampling and dataset overview.

(A) Sampling locations throughout northern and central Kenya are marked with red dots; the county borders are marked with dashed lines. In both Laikipia and Turkana counties, the largest city (which is generally central within each county) is marked with a black dot. (B) Schematic describing the three lifestyle groups that were sampled as part of this study. (C) The proportion of people from each lifestyle group who reported that they consumed a particular item “regularly,” defined as “one to two times per week,” “more than two times per week,” or “every day.” People who reported that they consumed a particular item “rarely” or “never” were categorized as not consuming the item regularly. Animal products are a staple of the traditional pastoralist diet (85), while carbohydrates and added nutrients, which can only be obtained through trade, are indicative of market integration.