Fig. 2. Associations between adiposity (waist-to-hip adjusted for BMI and BMI adjusted for waist-to-hip ratio) and a higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio category by sex and by diabetes status.

BMI body mass index, uACR urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Models were adjusted for confounders (age, ethnicity, education, region, Townsend deprivation index, smoking, physical activity) and a reciprocal adiposity measurement (i.e. waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI, BMI adjusted for waist-to-hip ratio).