Table 1.
Participant Demographics and Clinical Characteristics (Mean (SD))
| SN Women (n=25) | SN Men (n=20) | HIV+ Women (n=18) | HIV+ Men (n=21) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 47.0 (11.9) | 47.4 (12.7) | 47.3 (12.7) | 46.4 (11.3) | 0.99a |
| Education (years) | 14.1 (2.7) | 13.6 (2.1) | 13.4 (2.4) | 13.4 (2.1) | 0.70a |
| Race (White / Asian / Black / Native Hawaiian-Pacific Islander / American Indian or Alaska Native / Mixed) | 13 / 2/ 1 / 4 / 0 / 5 | 12 / 2 / 0 / 2 / 0 / 4 | 4 / 2 / 3 / 5 / 0 / 4 | 8 / 5 / 2 / 1 / 2 / 3 | 0.22d |
| CES-D scale score (0–60) | 10.6 (11.5) | 10.0 (10.8) | 11.1 (9.5) | 15.6 (9.8) | 0.29a |
| Wechsler Test of Adult Reading | 105 (10) | 106 (11.1) | 98.3 (8.0) | 106 (7.3) | 0.08 a |
| HIV Disease-Related | |||||
| Duration of diagnosis (months) | 139.7 (84.6) | 189.5 (95.8) | 0.10a | ||
| Detectable HIV RNA (>50 copies / mL, %) | 6/14 (42.9%) | 10/21 (47.6%) | 0.77e | ||
| Log Plasma HIV RNA (median, [IQR]) | 3.89 [3.89, 5.11] | 3.89 [3.89, 9.22] | 0.45b | ||
| Plasma HIV RNA (copies/mL) | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | 1102 (2548) | 13601 (27013) | 0.09b |
| # (%) maintained on cART | 16/18 (89%) | 17/19 (89%) | 1.00c | ||
| CD4 count (#/mm3) | 580 (416) | 385 (190) | 0.06a | ||
| Nadir CD4 count (#/mm3) | 200 [141, 398] | 160 [57, 325] | 0.19a | ||
| HIV Dementia Scale (0–16) | 12.7 (3.3) | 14.0 (2.5) | 0.16c | ||
| Karnofsky Score (0–100) | 91.2(9.9) | 89.8(10.3) | 0.67c | ||
| Tobacco usage, Median [IQR] | |||||
| # Lifetime Users (%) | 18/22 (81.8) | 11/20 (55) | 12/17 (70.6) | 13/20 (65) | 0.31d |
| Daily average use (# cigarettes) | 18.4 [9.2, 30.0.] | 15.0 [2.1, 16.7] | 20.3 [15.0, 30.0] | 30.0 [16.9, 36.5] | 0.10d |
| Total lifetime use (pack years) | 10.3 [3.1, 23.4] | 10.0 [1.8, 17.0] | 18.6 [5.0, 21.9] | 20.0 [10.0, 34.7] | 0.40b |
| Duration of tobacco use (years) | 20.9 [9.3, 33.7] | 20.0 [11.5, 28.1] | 16.3 [9.8, 32.9] | 23.1 [12.7, 33.7] | 0.84b |
| Marijuana usage, Median [IQR] | |||||
| # Lifetime marijuana users (%) | 13 (52) | 17 (85) | 12(66.7) | 19 (90.5) | 0.01d |
| # Users in the past month (%) | 7/16 (43.8) | 7/18 (38.9) | 4/14 (28.6) | 9/18 (50.0) | 0.67d |
| Average per use (g) ¶ | 0.30 [0.06, 0.75] | 0.75 [0.4, 0.75] | 0.75 [0.3, 1.8] | 0.75 [0.1, 1.1] | 0.40b |
| Total lifetime use (kg) ¶ | 0.15 [0.006, 1.0] | 0.27 [0.06, 0.7] | 2.8 [1.0, 9.9] | 0.26 [0.004, 1.6] | 0.14b |
| Duration of use (years) ¶ | 12.0 [3.5, 31.5] | 19.0 [5.2, 25.0] | 22.0 [10.9, 33.3] | 10.0 [4.3, 31.2] | 0.71b |
| Alcohol usage, Median [IQR] | |||||
| # Lifetime Alcohol users (%) | 23/24 (95.8) | 19/20 (95) | 15/16 (93.8) | 19/20 (95) | 1.00d |
| # Users in the past month (%) | 19/23 (82.6) | 16/20 (80) | 10/14 (71.4) | 15/19 (78.9) | 0.86d |
| Average per use (mL) ¶ | 35.4 [21.1,47.0] | 76.6 [37.3, 107.9] | 42.6 [31.9, 90.9] | 53.0 [30.2, 120.4] | 0.13b |
| Total lifetime use (Liter) ¶ | 20.1 [8.5, 81.4] | 62.2 [16.7,198.6] | 38.8 [3.6, 179.9] | 68.3 [27.0, 307.3] | 0.58b |
| Duration of use (years) | 24.9 [10.7, 33.8] | 20.7 [12.7, 37.2] | 19.0 [10.2, 30.1] | 21.0 [10.9, 34.5] | 0.91b |
p-values were derived from
a
= ANOVA
b
b = Kruskal-Wallis test
c
c = t test
d
d = Fisher exact test
CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale;
cART = combined antiretroviral treatments
¶
These variables were calculated only for the users who used these substances.
IQR = Interquartile range (middle 50% of the values from lowest to highest).