Table 2.
DTI Metrics of the Four Groups of Study Participants and the Effects from Linear Mixed Model
| Regional FA | SN Women n=24 | SN Men n=20 | HIV+ Women n=17 | HIV+ Men n=21 | Linear Mixed Model β (p-value) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV Effect | Sex Effect | HIV×Sex | |||||
| Corpus callosum (CC) | 0.539±0.005 | 0.538±0.005 | 0.532±0.006 | 0.548±0.005 | 0.0065 (0.380) | 0.016 (0.043) | −0.017(0.107) |
| CC Genu | 0.561±0.005 | 0.557±0.006 | 0.551±0.006 | 0.566±0.006 | 0.01 (0.209) | 0.015 (0.067) | −0.019 (0.092) |
| CC Body | 0.485±0.007 | 0.482±0.007 | 0.478±0.008 | 0.496±0.007 | 0.0068 (0.476) | 0.018 (0.072) | −0.02 (0.131) |
| CC Splenium | 0.571±0.005 | 0.574±0.006 | 0.568±0.006 | 0.582±0.006 | 0.0003 (0.592) | 0.0077 (0.165) | NS |
| Corona radiata (CR) | 0.414±0.003 | 0.415±0.003 | 0.412±0.004 | 0.413±0.003 | 0.0019 (0.574) | 0.0012 (0.724) | NS |
| Internal capsule (IC) | 0.495±0.004 | 0.500±0.004 | 0.489±0.005 | 0.494±0.004 | 0.0058 (0.135) | 0.0044 (0.263) | NS |
| Uncinate fasiculi | 0.393±0.004 | 0.385±0.005 | 0.379±0.005 | 0.385±0.004 | 0.0141 (0.027) | 0.0062 (0.192) | −.0142 (0.113) |
| Basal ganglia (BG) | 0.358±0.004 | 0.357±0.004 | 0.345±0.004 | 0.360±0.004 | 0.006 (0.041) | 0.0087 (0.618) | −0.1 (0.019) |
| Caudate | 0.352±0.002 | 0.358±0.002 | 0.350±0.002 | 0.356±0.002 | 0.0018 (0.456) | 0.0064 (0.010) | NS |
| Putamen | 0.349±0.002 | 0.351±0.002 | 0.346±0.002 | 0.349±0.002 | 0.0027 (0.109) | 0.0024 (0.156) | NS |
| Pallidum | 0.371±0.004 | 0.362±0.005 | 0.362±0.005 | 0.374±0.004 | 0.011 (0.095) | 0.013 (0.122) | 0.023 (0.011) |
| Thalamus | 0.395±0.002 | 0.389±0.002 | 0.402±0.002 | 0.396±0.002 | −5.7e-04 (0.773) | −1.2e-03 (0.478) | NS |
| Region MD * 1000 m2/s | |||||||
| Corpus callosum (CC) | 0.901±0.006 | 0.905±0.007 | 0.916±0.008 | 0.910±0.007 | −1.0e-05 (0.109) | −3.7e-07 (0.954) | NS |
| CC Genu | 0.883±0.006 | 0.879±0.006 | 0.896±0.007 | 0.892±0.006 | −1.3e-05 (0.080) | −4.1e-06 (0.567) | NS |
| CC Body | 0.956±0.008 | 0.955±0.008 | 0.964±0.009 | 0.964±0.008 | −8.4e-06 (0.379) | −6.2e-07 (0.949) | NS |
| CC Splenium | 0.869±0.005 | 0.873±0.005 | 0.879±0.006 | 0.883±0.005 | −1.0e-05 (0.092) | 3.6e-06 (0.553) | NS |
| Corona radiata (CR) | 0.776±0.005 | 0.776±0.005 | 0.795±0.006 | 0.796±0.005 | −1.9e-05 (0.001) | 1.6e-07 (0.978) | NS |
| CR anterior | 0.800±0.006 | 0.791±0.006 | 0.820±0.007 | 0.810±0.006 | −1.8e-05 (0.009) | −9.7e-06 (0.184) | NS |
| CR posterior | 0.788±0.006 | 0.797±0.007 | 0.807±0.008 | 0.816±0.007 | −1.9e-05 (0.004) | 8.4e-06 (0.204) | NS |
| CR superior | 0.739±0.005 | 0.741±0.005 | 0.759±0.006 | 0.761±0.005 | −2.0e-05 (<0.001) | 1.8e-06 (0.763) | NS |
| Internal capsule (IC) | 0.772±0.005 | 0.778±0.005 | 0.788±0.005 | 0.793±0.005 | −1.4e-05 (0.004) | 7.3e-06 (0.332) | NS |
| IC anterior limb | 0.774±0.007 | 0.781±0.007 | 0.788±0.007 | 0.796±0.007 | −1.5e-05 (0.044) | 7.7e-06 (0.303) | NS |
| IC posterior limb | 0.804±0.005 | 0.807±0.005 | 0.823±0.005 | 0.827±0.005 | −1.9e-05 (<0.001) | 3.2e-06 (0.567) | NS |
| IC retrolenticular | 0.739±0.005 | 0.744±0.005 | 0.752±0.005 | 0.757±0.005 | −1.3e-05 (0.024) | 5.3e-06 (0.351) | NS |
| Uncinate fasiculi | 0.813±0.006 | 0.815±0.006 | 0.833±0.007 | 0.836±0.006 | −2.0e-05 (0.005) | 2.7e-06 (0.713) | NS |
| Basal ganglia (BG) | 0.791±0.006 | 0.799±0.006 | 0.803±0.007 | 0.811±0.006 | −1.1e-05 (0.116) | 8.0e-06 (0.265) | NS |
| Caudate | 0.815±0.008 | 0.828±0.008 | 0.819±0.009 | 0.831±0.008 | −3.7e-06 (0.674) | 1.3e-05 (0.157) | NS |
| Putamen | 0.769±0.007 | 0.767±0.007 | 0.787±0.008 | 0.785±0.007 | −1.8e-05 (0.025) | −1.7e-06 (0.839) | NS |
| Pallidum | 0.790±0.008 | 0.804±0.007 | 0.802±0.008 | 0.815±0.007 | −1.2e-05 (0.163) | 1.3e-05 (0.120) | NS |
| Thalamus | 0.789±0.002 | 0.779±0.002 | 0.804±0.002 | 0.793±0.002 | −4.5e-05 (0.008) | −1.1e05 (0.048) | NS |
All p-values shown are uncorrected. P-values in bold indicate significance (p<0.05) or a trend for significance (p<0.1). For the β values, HIV Effect: reference is HIV+; Sex Effect: reference is female; HIV×Sex: β is for SN men vs. HIV women. Corpus callosum (genu, body and splenium sub-regions are the repeated factors); Corona radiata (anterior, posterior and superior sub-regions are the repeat factors); Internal capsule (anterior limb, posterior limb and retrolenticular sub-regions are the repeated factors).