Table 1.

Whole sample characteristics and bivariable associations with sleep disturbance (N = 2,354)

Independent variable/covariate	Whole sample %a	Sleep disturbance			p-valueb
		Low 30.1%	Medium 28.1%	High 41.8%
Negative SM experiences					< 0.001
Low	83.1	91.7	80.7	78.4
High	17.0	8.4	19.3	21.6
Positive SM experiences					0.83
Low	35.8	35.4	36.8	35.4
High	64.2	64.6	63.3	64.6
Sex					0.07
Male	49.1	49.8	52.3	46.5
Female	50.9	50.2	47.7	53.5
Race					0.39
White, non-Hispanic	68.2	68.2	70.2	66.9
Otherc	31.8	31.8	29.9	33.1
Relationship status					0.24
Partnered	56.6	59.0	54.4	56.3
Single	43.4	41.0	45.5	43.7
Living situation					0.04
With others	81.7	84.7	80.0	80.8
Alone	18.3	15.3	20.0	19.3
Household income					< 0.001
Less than $25,000	16.9	12.8	17.0	19.7
$25,000 to $49,999	26.9	24.5	25.5	29.6
$50,000 to $74,999	22.6	23.0	23.6	21.6
$75,000 and above	33.6	39.7	33.9	29.1
Education					< 0.001
High school graduate or less	13.8	10.6	11.8	17.4
Some college or technical school	31.1	28.0	27.9	35.6
College graduate	33.3	34.8	37.8	29.3
Graduate school	21.8	26.6	22.6	17.7
Age, y, median [IQR]	27 (25–29)	27 (25–29)	28 (25–29)	27 (25–29)	0.70
SM hours per day, median [IQR]	2.3 (1.3–4.0)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	2.3 (1.3–4.0) 3	.0 (1.5 −4.5)	< 0.001
Depressiond, median [IQR]	4(1–8)	1 (0–3)	4(2–7)	6 (3–11)	< 0.001

^aColumn percentages may not equal 100 due to rounding.

^bSignificance determined by Chi-square tests for categorical variables and the nonparametric equality-of-medians test for continuous variables.

^cIncludes Black, non-Hispanic; Hispanic; Asian; American Indian/Native Alaskan; and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander.

^dMeasured on a scale ranging from 0–24.