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. 2020 Oct 21;11:5323. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19182-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a Permeances of some common polar and nonpolar organic solvents under the transmembrane pressure drop of 1 bar vs. the inverse solvent viscosity on CNT-EP-PC membranes that have a thickness of 350 nm (CNT-EP-PC10), 416 nm (CNT-EP-PC15), and 528 nm (CNT-EP-PC20). b Rejection of dyes with different molecular weights under the transmembrane pressure drop of 1 bar. c Separation of mixed dyes by a CNT-EP-PC15 membrane through a diffusion cell. The chamber on the left side contained equal concentrations of Natural Red (NR) and Congo Red (CR) dyes, whereas the chamber on the right side was filled with pure methanol initially and turned red (NR) after 1 day of diffusion. d UV-vis spectra of the mixed dyes in the left chamber (black curve) and right chamber (red curve) of the diffusion cell in c. e Long-term filtration test of the CR/methanol solution on the CNT-EP-PC15 membrane. f Performance comparison of the CNT-EP-PC15 membrane with some best-reported nanofiltration membranes.