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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2020 Oct 5;145:105932. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105932

Table 3.

Daily average number of cooking events and time spent cooking (in minutes) by study arm assignment, based on yearly averages of survey and SUMs data.

  Intervention Control    
 
   
  n Mean ± SD n Mean ± SD Difference Two-tailed t-test p-value

Baseline            
 Cooking Time-Survey 90 198 ±54 90 192 ±54 −5 (−21, 11) 0.51
 Cooking Time- SUMs 86 209 ± 62 80 214 ±66 4 (−15, 24) 0.67

Yearly Average of 1, 3, 6. 9, and 12 Month Survey Data*    
 Cooking Time 90 177 ±52 90 203 ±51 26 (10, 41) 0.001
 Cooking Events 90 2.3 ±0.3 90 2.1 ±0.2 −0.3 (−0.3, – 0.2) <0.0001
 Meal 1 90 107 ±32 90 133 ±33 26 (17,35) <0.0001
 Meal 2 (of 2) 89 52 ±23 89 64 ±24 11 (4. 18) 0.001
 Meal 2 (of 3) 69 54 ±34 34 70 ±37 16 (1-30) 0.04
 Meal 3 (of 3) 69 54 ±30 34 62 ±35 8 (−6, 21) 0.26

Yearly Average of 12 Months of SUMs Data        
 Cooking Time 90 188.7 ±32 90 215.4 ±59 27 (13,41) <0.001
 Cooking Events 90 2.8 ±0.4 90 1.8 ±0.8 −1 (−1.2,−0.8) <0.0001
*

Four instances in which participants cooked more than 3 meals per day are not included given the small sample size