Table 1.

Standardised protocol for brain MRI

Brain MRI is important for achieving a prompt, accurate diagnosis of MS. Here we present a standardised protocol for the evaluation of patients with suspected or clinically definite MS; however, the precise sequences and timing of follow-up scans must be determined on a case-by-case basis

Baseline evaluation

Mandatory sequences

▪ Axial proton-density and/or T2-FLAIR/T2-weighted

▪ Sagittal 2D or 3D T2-FLAIR

▪ 2D or 3D contrast-enhanced T1-weighted

Optional sequences

▪ Unenhanced 2D or high-resolution isotropic 3D T1-weighted

▪ 2D and/or 3D dual inversion recovery

▪ Axial diffusion-weighted imaging

Follow-up examinations

Mandatory sequences

▪ Axial proton-density and/or T2-Flair/T2-weighted highly recommended

▪ 2D or 3D contrast-enhanced T1-weighted

Optional sequences

▪ Unenhanced 2D or high-resolution isotropic 3D T1-weighted

▪ 2D and/or 3D dual inversion recovery

▪ Axial diffusion-weighted imaging

Abbreviation: FLAIR Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, MS Multiple sclerosis