Table 7.
Antibacterial potential of Terminalia sp.
| Plant species/part | Extraction procedure | Pathogenic bacteria | Antibacterial activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. bark | Ethanol extraction | B. cereus | IZ = 7 mm | (Saivaraj and Chandramohan, 2018) |
| Ethanol extraction | P. aeruginosa | IZ = 8 mm | ||
| Ethanol extraction | S aureus | MIC = 1.56 mg/mL | (Aneja et al., 2012) | |
| Ethanol extraction | E. coli | MIC = 50 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | P. mirabilis | MIC = 50 mg/mL | ||
| Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn. leaf | Ethanol extraction | S. aureus | MIC = 6.25 mg/mL | (Aneja et al., 2012) |
| Ethanol extraction | P. aeruginosa | MIC = 50 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | P. mirabilis | MIC = 6.25 mg/mL | ||
| Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. fruit | Direct aqueous extracts/Reflux method | MRSA | MIC = 0.25 mg/mL | (Dharmaratne et al., 2018) |
| Direct aqueous extracts/Reflux method | MDR Acinetobacter sp. | MIC = 0.5 mg/mL | ||
| Direct aqueous extracts/Reflux method | MDR P. aeruginosa | MIC = 0.5 mg/mL | ||
| Terminalia catappa L. leaf | Ethanol extraction | B. subtilis | MIC = 3 mg/mL | (Suparno et al., 2018) |
| Ethanol extraction | E. coli | MIC = 3 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | P. aeruginosa | IZ = 1.83-6.5 mm | (Allyn et al., 2018) | |
| Ethanol extraction | S. aureus | IZ = 1.73-9.06 mm | ||
| Terminalia chebula Retz. fruit | Ethanol extraction | Acinetobacter sp. | MIC = 12.5 mg/mL | (Sharma et al., 2012) |
| Ethanol extraction | E. coli | MIC = 50 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | P. mirabilis | MIC = 25 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | P. aeruginosa | MIC = 12.5 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | S. aureus | MIC = 3.12 mg/mL | ||
| Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell bark | Ethanol extraction | B. cereus | IZ = 13.2 mm | (Akter et al., 2019) |
| Ethanol extraction | MRSA | IZ = 12.7 mm | ||
| Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell fruit | Ethanol extraction | B. cereus | IZ = 17.8 mm | |
| Ethanol extraction | L. monocytogenes | IZ = 18.5 mm | ||
| Ethanol extraction | MRSA | IZ = 17.1 mm | ||
| Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell seed coat | Ethanol extraction | B. cereus | IZ = 9.8 mm | |
| Ethanol extraction | L. monocytogenes | IZ = 10.8 mm | ||
| Methanol extraction | MRSA | IZ = 8.8 mm | ||
| Terminalia glaucescens Planch. ex Benth. root | Ethanol extraction | E. aerogenes | MIC = 100 mg/mL | (Gbala and Anibijuwon, 2018) |
| Ethanol extraction | K. pneumoniae | MIC = 0.1 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | P. mirabilis | MIC = 100 mg/mL | ||
| Terminalia superba Engl. & Diels bark | Methanol extraction | E. coli | MIC = 0.078 mg/mL | (Kuete et al., 2010) |
| Methanol extraction | K. pneumoniae | MIC = 0.078 mg/mL | ||
| Methanol extraction | M. tuberculosis | MIC = 0.078 mg/mL | ||
| Methanol extraction | P. aeruginosa | MIC = 0.019 mg/mL | ||
| Methanol extraction | S. dysenteriae | MIC = 0.039 mg/mL | ||
| Methanol extraction | S. typhi | MIC = 0.078 mg/mL | ||
| Ethanol extraction | S. aureus | MIC = 0.078 mg/mL | (Elvire et al., 2018) |
IZ, inhibition zone.