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. 2020 Sep 28;22:627–639. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.030

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© 2020 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Atf3 Induces Calcium Deposition

(A and B) Transfection of Atf3 increased calcium deposition. (A) Alizarin red S staining. (B) Calcium deposition. (C and D) Atf3 siRNA significantly reduced the calcium deposition in the presence of Pi. (C) Alizarin red S staining. (D) Atf3 siRNA significantly reduced the calcium contents in the presence of Pi. (E) Transfection of Atf3 induced an increase in the Runx2 mRNA level. (F) Promoter analysis. Atf3 increased the Runx2 P2 (proximal) promoter (right panel) in a dose-dependent fashion. Error bars indicate SD. ∗p < 0.05 ∗∗p < 0.01.