Fig. 3.

Glycosylation in cell-free glycoprotein synthesis systems. a OST-dependent glycosylation in eukaryotic and E. coli extracts. b Bottom-up synthesis of glycoproteins in an OST-independent manner. When structural characterization was performed by deglycosylation studies, minimal recognition motifs (shown as structures with elaboration arrows) were inferred based on known glycosidase and OST specificities. References (‘Ref.’) for each structure are listed in the top right-hand corner of each section