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. 2020 Oct 21;10:17910. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74609-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The ugtP mutant has altered cell surface and PG composition. (A) Teichoic acid glycolipids pathway of the cell wall in B. subtilis. DAG, diacylglycerol. (B) Volcano plot for data generated by metabolomics analysis for BSB1 ΔugtP and BSB1 ΔpgcA showing increased levels of several lipid II precursors (C) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showing a rougher cell surface structure in cells lacking UgtP compared to wild type cells. Cyt cytoplasm, CM cytoplasmic membrane, CW cell wall. Arrows indicate the rough cell surface. (D) HPLC analysis of muropeptides isolated from BSB1 ΔugtP and BSB1 ΔpgcA mutants showed increased levels of Di (muropeptide 5) and Tri-Ala-mDap(NH₂)₂ (muropeptide 8) muropeptides compared to BSB1 suggesting increased endopeptidase activity. (E) Diagram representing the relative quantification of the two muropeptides in BSB1, BSB1 ΔugtP and BSB1 ΔpgcA. *p ≤ 0.05. (F) The scheme represents the structure of the two muropeptides and the cleavage site of the LytE and CwlO endopeptidases.